Ephedrine and Its Effect on Weight Loss Essay -- Health Dieting Ephed

Ephedrine and Its resolution on weight LossThe DilemmaIt is dilemma that affects the world all over, its atomic number 18a nothing short of the earths 25,000 geographical mile circumference. However, in certain cultures it is a more significant issue than in others. Nevertheless, it can affect every aspect of our lives, hotheaded m any(prenominal) even to suicide. Few, if any, are naturally invincible to its hidden wrath. This invisible, yet potent dilemma is obesity, or simply weight construe. In countries, such as the United States, weight control is a common, yet, dire issue. Especially, in a society where thin is in, but for many, so are fatty foods and infrequent exercise, in that respect is a huge and developing demand for quick, easy schemes to lose weight. However, the true importance of being overweight, is often misconstrued. For the majority, being overweight is frightening because of its social ramifications, magic spell the many important health risks are oft en overlooked. According to the Department of Health and Human Services, being overweight is a risk factor for substance disease, stroke, diabetes, and several types of cancer. Thus, the weight loss business has skyrocketed over the past decade, becoming a multi-billion dollar industry. Despite the seemingly countless magical diet schemes available to the public, a product and/or system has yet to emerge which allows for quick, easy and physically safe weight-loss. One chemical in particular, however, has showed increasingly promising signs regarding this issue. The chemical is ephedrine. Ephedrine and Its Uses Derived from the Chinese plant ma huang, joint fir or better known as ephedrine, is found both naturally and synthetically in various dietary supplements, over the counter herbal stimulants, prescripti... ...t take on the proper combination of diet, exercise, and drug interaction. Ephedrine may hold the key to fill in for the drug portion of the equation, but as with pr actically all drugs, there are risks involved. Whether ephedrine is too dangerous to be sold in over the counter products, is still under debate. Ephedrine does have great potential, yet is it worth the risks? ReferencesEffect of ephedrine and theophylline on weight loss, resting energy expenditure and lipoprotein lipase activity in obese over-fed rats. The International Journal of Obesity and tie in Metabolic Disorders, June 1993. Malecka-Tendera, E. Is there any Magic Dr. David Schlundt, 1996. Potentiation of the thermogenic antiobesity effects of ephedrine by dietary methylxanthines adenosine antagonism or phosphodiesterase inhibition? Metabolism Clinical and Experimental, Ephedrine and Its Effect on Weight Loss Essay -- Health Dieting EphedEphedrine and Its Effect on Weight LossThe DilemmaIt is dilemma that affects the world over, its scope nothing short of the earths 25,000 mile circumference. However, in certain cultures it is a more significant issue than in others. Nevertheless, it can affect every aspect of our lives, driving many even to suicide. Few, if any, are naturally invincible to its hidden wrath. This invisible, yet potent dilemma is obesity, or simply weight control. In countries, such as the United States, weight control is a common, yet, dire issue. Especially, in a society where thin is in, but for many, so are fatty foods and infrequent exercise, there is a huge and growing demand for quick, easy schemes to lose weight. However, the true importance of being overweight, is often misconstrued. For the majority, being overweight is frightening because of its social ramifications, while the many important health risks are often overlooked. According to the Department of Health and Human Services, being overweight is a risk factor for heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and several types of cancer. Thus, the weight loss business has skyrocketed over the past decade, becoming a multi-billion dollar industry. Despite the seemin gly countless magical diet schemes available to the public, a product and/or method has yet to emerge which allows for quick, easy and physically safe weight-loss. One chemical in particular, however, has showed increasingly promising signs regarding this issue. The chemical is ephedrine. Ephedrine and Its Uses Derived from the Chinese plant ma huang, ephedra or better known as ephedrine, is found both naturally and synthetically in various dietary supplements, over the counter herbal stimulants, prescripti... ...t involve the proper combination of diet, exercise, and drug interaction. Ephedrine may hold the key to fill in for the drug portion of the equation, but as with practically all drugs, there are risks involved. Whether ephedrine is too dangerous to be sold in over the counter products, is still under debate. Ephedrine does have great potential, yet is it worth the risks? ReferencesEffect of ephedrine and theophylline on weight loss, resting energy expenditure and lipoprote in lipase activity in obese over-fed rats. The International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders, June 1993. Malecka-Tendera, E. Is there any Magic Dr. David Schlundt, 1996. Potentiation of the thermogenic antiobesity effects of ephedrine by dietary methylxanthines adenosine antagonism or phosphodiesterase inhibition? Metabolism Clinical and Experimental,

Luxuries Even For the Environmentalist :: Essays Papers

Luxuries Even For the Environmentalist Imagine, instead ofbeing stuck in morning rush hour because you drive by yourself, youget to go in the HOV lanes simply because of the car you drive. This occurs within some states for those who own interbreedings. Hybrids ar the most applicatory vehicle for the majority of America s population because not and are they better for the environment but they also have almost all the features of luxury cars. Few individuals think of hybrid vehicles as a practical option when car shopping. With the combinedtechnology of voltaicity and gasoline, hybrid vehicles are more environmentally friendly then the standard gasoline driven car. However, most consumers worry more about their comforts than their effects on the environment, leading to disagreements on the best vehicle for the consumers needs. They argue that many luxuries are lost in the hybrids because hybrids are more expensive to manufacture, and are not as large as som e conventional gas cars. This has changed though. Since hybridsbecame available there has been an increase in efficiencies, moreluxuriesand increase driver benefits.When first designed, hybrid vehicles aimed toreduce fuel consumption by half ofalready high gas mileage vehicles. The hybrids historystarted off rocky because the electric batteries, generators, and motorshad losses of 15-25 percent in energy, causing it to be more desirable toroute as much of the engine power directly to the wheels (Cheng 114). Doing so, however, was not sufficient for power. Since 1975, atomic number 23 improvements were made that rendered itmore available to the public. These included decrease in electrical losses down to 2-4%, improved shapes to produce far higher energiesand powers, magnetic bearings, new turbines from other materials to increasethermal efficiencies, and small turbochargers for piston engines (Cheng 114). Together these improvements made the hybrid more aerodynamic,effi cient and lower in cost to manufacture. In a recentstudy by W. Chenget al, the hybrid was compared to gas turbine-engine vehicles. Their results showed that the hybrid engine would producevirtually no vehicle pollution during trips less than 30 minutes, and lessthan normal cars when trips were longer. The strongestcharacteristic of the hybrids is the higher gas mileage which allows it tobe more environmentally friendly and cost effective.

War Promotes Nation Building :: Papers

struggle Promotes Nation Building War go off promote nation framinging in various aspects. Politically, fight can modernize the political system of a inelegant economically, war can encourage a huge number of industrial developments of a country morally, war can destroy the evil ideas of the world. For the propose of this assignment, the following definition of nation building is provided Nation building is the development or modernization of a country in political, economical, and/or social aspect(s). First of all, war can modernize the political system of a country. When a country was defeated in a territory, the regime would be replaced by other regime with a different form of government, and a different kind of political system. For instance, after the World War II (WW II), the Germany had turned from a dictatorship to a democracy. Japan had also become a democracy, while the mainland China became a communist. On the other hand, outpouring by foreigners can promote nationalism. Taking the period of the French Revolution as an example, while Napoleon built up a large soldiers in Europe and conquered other countries, the Europeans was then turned to nationalism. The Europeans began to strengthen their countries, both in political and economical structure. These encouraged growth in their countries. China is another example, during the WWII, when China conquered by foreigners, the Chinese came together and fought against the invaders. Since then, the Chinese had built up a more powerful and modernized country. Since conflicts between nations make native to build up, modernize and improve their nations, including the political system. As a result, war promotes nation building. Economically, war can encourage the economic development of a nation. It is because war requires a huge number of government expenses for the army. For example, the wages for soldiers, the expenses for mode rnize the equipment and strengthen the army. These force the monarch or government of the nation to increase the income of the government first.

From Inclusion to Friendship Essay -- Special Education

The 1% of US students with labels of severe disabilities including mental subnormality have been historically excluded from comprehensive education (Bentley, 2008, p. 543). Laws such as PL 94-142 and No Child Left Behind (as cited in Bentley), say that public school students with all types of disabilities be educated in the least restrictive environmentto the maximum extent possiblewith children who do not have disabilities the majority of these students with special education labels, such as, mental retardation and multiple disabilities are still isolated in special education classrooms (Bentley, 2008, p. 545). Wehmeyer (as cited in Bentley), points out that mere access does not promote authentic liaison (Bentley, 2008, p. 546). Burkowski et al (as cited in Webster and Cater), Friendship has been defined as a bond between two individuals that is stable across time and involves mutual affection, mutual alternative and having fun together (Webster and Carter, 2007, p. 201). It is up to parents, teachers and other paraprofessionals to seek ways to facilitate and encourage the types of positive interactions that willing foster these types of friendships. If done successfully all students will benefit and there will be true inclusion.In order to help students develop these meaningful relationships there must first be a base of communication and collaboration between teachers, parents and paraeducators who all share a stake in supporting and empowering students with and without disabilities. Downing and Peckham-Hardin found that both teachers and parents cited communication and functional as a team were essential for truly inclusive education. Some of the most important components of this communication and team work ... ...ons from the 1% Children with Labels of yucky Disabilities and Their Peers as Architects of Inclusive Education. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 12(5-6), 543-561.Causton-Theoharis, J. C., & Malmgren, K. C. (2005). Inc reasing peer interactions for students with severe disabilities via paraprofessional training. Exceptional Children, 7(4), 431-444. Copeland, S. R., Hughes, C., Carter, E. W., Guth, C., Presley, J. A., Williams, C. R., & Fowler, S. E. (2004). Increasing Access to General Education Perspectives of Participants in a full(prenominal) School Peer Support Program. Remedial and Special Education, 25(6), 342-352.Downing, J. E., & Peckham-Hardin, K. D. (2007). Inclusive Education What Makes It a Good Education for Students with Moderate to Severe Disabilities?. Research and Practice for Persons With Severe Disabilities (RPSD), 32(1), 16-30.

Im Not an Original :: Writing Education

Im Not an Original I sat back in the Lazyboy, Raydog shotgunned the couch, Scott rummaged the refrigerator, and microphone laid in bed. Hed been out cold since 2 AM, Super Bowl Eve. We were slothing our way through the seven hour pregame Super Bowl XXXII, the Houston Oilers vs. the Tampa Bay Buc force outeers the results of free-agency and team up salary caps.Seeger, you know anyone with a white mini van that has a picture of a house on the side? Scott was leaning over the fall away trying get a glimpse of the vehicle pulling into our yard. I figured it out right away. The van that he was referring to just happened to be the Publishers unclutter House Sweepstakes vehicle. Oh my god Ed McMahon is at my house, were the only words I could utter. And I uttered them repeatedly as I broke out of the provide and down the track towards the door.Scott beat me there. He had the door open before the men in the black suits could give the infamous suprize knock. Whad I win Whad I win Scott wa s jumping around like a little kid before Christmas. Is there a Mr. Beau Jay Seeger here?Thats me I was sliding crosswise the linoleum on my wool socks, my eyes ready to fall out of there sockets. Youve just won TEN MILLION DOLLARS... is all I heard. My originator was thumping the rhythm of my heart, my toes were tingling in my eyes, my muscles were frigid under my skin, and I could not remember who or where I was.When I came around to reality I could hear Scott say, If what? I must have not been away from reality for more than a few seconds. The man in the black suit, who wasnt Ed McMahon, replied, If you can show us that you are worthy of receiving this award.I was confused. I thought that they just gave you the balloons, flowers, and the million dollars. He saw the pitiful look on my face. It was as if hed just pulled a sucker out of a babys mouth. Mr. Seeger, as the members of the Publishers Clearing House, we are obligated to find someone who can communicate on a basis of indi viduality. We are distributors of a wide variety of various print manuscripts that circulate around our United States of America on a daily basis.

Customers For Life By Carl Sew Essay -- essays research papers

"Customers for Life"Carl Sewells book Customers for Life is devoted to teaching the businessperson of today ways in which they can turn one-time buyers into customers for life. He states that all customer has the ability to be worth 332,000 dollars to your business if you can keep them for life. Mr. Sewell is the number selling luxury automobile dealer in the country. He started from the bunghole and manipulated his automobile business into a 250,000,000-dollar business. In his book he explains the things that he has found to work for his business in great detail so that you whitethorn also apply them to your business. The entire book revolves around these 10 commandments to customer serviceThe Ten Commandments of Customer Service1. Bring em back alive. communicate customers what they want and give it to them again and again. Do not try and guess what the customers want, just ask them. They atomic number 18 more than willing to tell you. You should make it sluttish for the customer to tell you what they want by giving them a short questionnaire. Most importantly, you do not want to pester the customer if you bother the customer, they are not going to be happy. 2 Systems, not smiles. Saying please and thank you does not ensure youll do the job right the first time, any time. Only systems guarantee that. There are two major components of a system. The first being to do the job right the first time and the uphold one is having a plan in place to deal with things when they go wrong. Bei...

Customers For Life By Carl Sew Essay -- essays research papers

" customers for Life"Carl Sewells book Customers for Life is devoted to teaching the melodic lineperson of today ways in which they can turn one-time buyers into customers for life. He states that every customer has the ability to be worth 332,000 dollars to your business if you can keep them for life. Mr. Sewell is the number selling extravagance automobile dealer in the country. He started from the bottom and manipulated his automobile business into a 250,000,000-dollar business. In his book he explains the things that he has found to work for his business in great detail so that you may also apply them to your business. The entire book revolves around these 10 commandments to customer serviceThe Ten Commandments of Customer Service1. Bring em back alive. Ask customers what they want and give it to them again and again. Do non try and guess what the customers want, just ask them. They be more than willing to tell you. You should make it easy for the customer to tell y ou what they want by giving them a short questionnaire. Most importantly, you do not want to pester the customer if you bother the customer, they are not going to be happy. 2 Systems, not smiles. Saying please and thank you does not check youll do the job right the first time, every time. Only systems guarantee that. There are two major components of a system. The first being to do the job right the first time and the second one is having a plan in place to deal with things when they go wrong. Bei...

Autobiography: My inspiration

Inspirations come from many avenues. My inspiration came when I was 16 years grizzly in the form of a 3 pound baby boy measuring the length of a ruler. Being a young adolescent myself, this was a very trying condemnation for me. My son was born almost three months early and could very easily have not survived. The birth of my first sister is what changed my life forever and shaped me into the person I am today. At the age of seventeen I was attending high school, being a pay back to my son, and working away from home as a waitress all the while missing my little boy beyond words.I knew right then what I wanted to do with my life. I wanted to watch my son grow. I wanted to not only be his mother but also his teacher. As my life moved forward my family grew. I was lucky enough to have the privilege to stay at home with my children. During this time I decided that warmth for children and helping them grow was what I wanted to do. I started doing child care for a few of my friends c hildren and absolutely fell in experience with it. This is what I have always done and is something that has always come completely natural to me.Being responsible for a childs growth while honoring them learn and mature right before my eyes is an amazing feeling and a blessing. My children are now all in school full time which has me feeling ready to share the passion I have in caring for, nurturing, and teaching children with others. After I complete my CDA coursework my goal is to become a preschool teacher. I feel with current education with child development and the love I have for watching childrens developmental growth this will be a great future for me.

Formalist Literary Theory

Written Report Russian Formalism and New Criticism Formalism is a literary theory that was spearheaded by two main bodies Russian Formalists and New Critics which focused on understanding the literary text through the text itself. Its principles posed a great shift from the traditional approaches during its time, and so it sparked a movement in the field of literary studies that would adopt raw perspectives and ideas.While Formalism received much reprehension due to its dubious methods of the c escaped reading of a text, its lack of a solid theory of dustup, and so on, it was also able to establish the nonion of literary study being a partly scientific, objective process, and its frame sour would serve as a starting point and a great influence for hereafter ideas and theorists to come. Old Criticism. The form that literary studies had taken during the second half of the nineteenth century, positivism, was largely based on the genetic approach critics concentrated on show the sources and genesis of particular lay downs.The role of archives and history reduced the vastness of lit itself in literary scholarship. Study of literature had become a unfounded aggregate of philosophy, history, psychology, sociology, etc. As Jakobson said, historians of literature had become practiti wizrs of what he called homespun disciplines based on psychology, politics, and philosophy, where literature itself could only offer secondary and defective evidence. issuance of Russian Formalism Formalist theory emerged from the meetings, discussions, and publications of the Opojaz (The Society for the Study of Poetic Language) and the Moscow Linguistic Circle.They were dissatisfied with the ways of studying literature in the academe. Opojaz was based on St. Petersburg, dates back to 1914, and dissolved in 1923. Its nucleus was formed by Sklovsky, Eikhenbaum, Brik, Tynyanov. MLC came to life in 1915. Its best known member is Roman Jakobson. When he left them in 1920 for Prague , they lost their most talented member, and ceased to be a signifi fuckt formalist center. Some of the figures who influenced Russian Formalism were Andrei Bely and his work, Symbolism Said that, our knowledge of reality is never comport we do not know reality except approximately through symbols. * Literary criticism has to be preoccupied with the peculiar(prenominal) forms of artistic creativity. * What is joined in the symbol in a humanly inseparable way is form and content. * Literature is both spatial and temporal. Other arts like sculpture or music realize themselves within only one of these forms. * Reality appears to be different from that seen in a work of art. It is deformed. Occurs by certain specific constructive forms. These are to be investigated. Immersed in the mystery that the mosaic of art covers, the critic lose their view of their proper task. They search for something that is beyond it before describing it with whatever accuracy. A. A. Potebnja * Literary act ivity is cognitive and tightly connected with its medium language. * Poetry is a form of thinking in images, the shape of which is dependent on the lingual features of a given language. * Poetic image need not mean a static picture of something, it can also mean action. Not righteous spatial, but temporal too. * Images play a synthetic role in our thinking.Poetry strives to reduce the wide variety of complex phenomena to a small number of images. * imaginativeness is not basic aspect of poetic craft but also sound. Images are not the only means to convey meaning in a poetic work. Emergence of New Criticism The prominent figures in the movement for the New Criticism were John Crowe Ransom, Allen Tate, Robert Penn Warren, and Cleanth Brooks. They initiated a professionalization of American literary studies one way of spreading the ideas of New Criticism was by publishing New Criticism based textbooks to be used in universities.These individuals saw the contemporary knowledge bas e as driven by desire in profit and greed, as soundly as triumphs in modern science, threatening to destroy tradition and everything that was not immediately useful including poetry. Poetry is a means of resisting commodification and superficiality. Some of the figures who influenced New Criticism were T. E. Hulme * Romanticism and Classicism. Romantic view man is intrinsically good, speculative by circumstances. Classical view man is intrinsically limited, but disciplined by order and tradition to something fairly decent.Romantics are regarded as a well of possibilities. Classicals are regarded as finite and fixed. * Classical view leads to poetry. Romantic one to uncontrolled flights of emotions and metaphors. * New poets will disclaim the thought that poetry is a fomite for expressing emotions, but rather, it provides a precise description of the world around us. T. S. Eliot * Those who treat literature as a product of a historical moment or a philosophical foundation should b e called historians and philosophers. * Rejected vague emotionalism and verbal profusion of Romantic style.Critic should be preoccupied with literature itself, its accurate routine of rowing, rather than the phenomena flanking it. * Does not deny that emotions enter poetry, but rejects the directness of the overflow. Disliked sentimental poetry and respected tradition. * Highest poetry should synthesize thought and feeling, argument and image, the logical and the non-rational. Literariness. The first question for the Formalist was not how to study literature, but what the subject matter of literary study actually is. To get specificity for literary study, it entails the exclusion of all mimetic and expressive definitions of literature.Because in regarding the literary text as an instrument of expression (a point of view which will lead us to the personality of author, leading to biography or psychology) or representation (we will see the it as a picture of society, leading to his tory, politics, or sociology), we overlook the specificity of its literary qualities. What makes a text literary? This was a concern for the Formalists. What distinguishes literature from, say, a news article or a travel book? Simply put by Eikhenbaum, literature constitutes differences from opposite orders of facts.The object of study of literary study is not an object, but a set of differences, and the science will consist of the study of those specifics which distinguish it from any another(prenominal) material. Literary studies analyze the differences implied in the opposition between practical and poetic language. The differential element of poetry, gives it its specificity. We owe this difference to the process of defamiliarization. According to Sklovsky, art defamiliarizes things that feature become habitual or automatic. Take for example the act of go. Walking is a daily activity. We arrest ceased to be aware of it.But when we dance, the automatically perceived gestures of walking are perceived anew. A dance is a walk which is felt. In the same way, everyday use of language is something that is natural or unconscious. But language in poetry is more or less the same language we know, but this time, we have become more aware of its presence it is a new sensation to be felt, just like the dance. Practical language constitutes the main automatized elements made strange by art. Everyday language is made strange in poetry, and in particular, the physical sounds of words themselves become unusually prominent.Poetic speech is formed speech. Poetic speech is not the specialness of vocabulary (e. g. just because a verse form uses an unfamiliar word like lo does not mean that it is poetic speech), but because its formal devices like rhyme and rhythm act on ordinary words to renew our perception of them, as well as their sound texture. Because of that, defamiliarization is found almost everywhere form is found. The poetic speech that one would find in a poem is a deliberate act of creating a form that is based on defamiliarized language. As Jakobson described it, poetry is organized violence committed on ordinary speech.It roughens up and impedes pronunciation of ordinary speech syntax, rhythm, semantics. Devices and Function. Poetry makes use of literary devices hyperbole, parallelism, repetition, iambic pentameter, and so on. That poses the question cant devices lose their exit? Because the literary devices themselves were subject to automatization of perception since they are in literature now, they lose their distinction as literary and non-literary. Literariness then is a feature not just of form as impeded speech, but more importantly, of impeded form.So the defamiliarization will not wholly depend on the existence of devices, but their function in the work they appear in. For example, foregrounding gives us a dominant factor. A work will contain passive or automatized elements that are slavish/subordinate to the dominan t element. So what would interest a Formalist, is how the elements are interrelated. How do these automatized elements give way for the foregrounded element, or perhaps, what makes the foregrounded element stand out the device could have been just commonplace or uninteresting, so how does it achieve its dominant status in relation to other devices?In other words, the active components of a work are now differentiated not only from the practical language, but from other formal components which have become automatized. Fabula and Syuzhet. However, the method for analysis and the literariness of poetry cannot be applied exactly for prose narrative as well. They have different constructions. The Formalist study of narrative was based on a distinction between the events and construction of a prose narrative Fabula and Syuzhet. Fabula (plot) refers to the chronological sequence of events. Syuzhet refers to the order and manner in which they are actually presented in the narrative.Syuzhet creates the defamiliarizing effect. We could have a crime story and it could be told in its chronological sequence there was a crime, the police went to investigate, they had to seek for the help of a world-famous detective, and he solves the crime, the end. From point A, it ends to point D. That is the Fabula. Manipulation of the Syuzhet though, allows it to be told in a different, more defamiliarized way. We could start with the ending wherein the crime was already solved, or we can start in the middle of the sequence of events wherein the detective receives a request for his assistance.We can even tell the story from the point of view of the killer. All of it makes for a new way of telling a common plot. Close Reading. When we do a reading of a text, we ought to focus on the text of a work exclude the authors intention, historical and cultural contexts. The text was an object of literature complete in itself. It is an autonomous entity, and therefore should be treated as one tha t is not dependent on its creator or external influences. If the end of reading a text is to get its meaning, then we should not look further from the text.Form and meaning are intimately connected and should not be canvas separately. Good literature transcends the time of the author. Who cares if X was in love with lady Y? We should disregard the details of such, and focus on how the poem focuses on hate love. Emotion and Intention. William Wimsatt and Monroe Beardsleys essay, The Intentional Fallacy, talks about the mistake of attempting to understand the authors intentions about his work since it violates the autonomy of the work. The meaning of a work should be contained solely within itself. The Affective Fallacy talks about the mistake of nterpreting a text through the emotions of the reader. A text must be understood not relatively, but its meaning must be inherent. Paradox. Poetry should carry the element of heterogeneity, of negating their own affirmations. They are bett er equipped for whatever give-and-take they will undergo. Homogeneous poetry cannot bear ironic contemplation. It is irony and ambiguity that make for good poetry. Poetry is paradoxical in spirit. Life is complex. The rack of the paradox holds a poem together, it builds unity and coherence within the text and the task of the critic is to lay bare these paradoxes and show how they work.Poetry says something for real that is not catch to a logical statement or to an emotional attitude. It is not just a psychological stimulus, as Richard said. Poetry obliquely tells us something about the nature of reality. All of its meaning is linguistic, but not all that is pertinent to meaning can be explained by linguistic analysis. Literary History. The dominant devices in a particular music genre and/or period contribute to the evolution of literature. When they become familiar, new works will pick them up to make them perceptible again.Through this, genre evolves. If so, then literary langua ge is not a planned development of tradition, but a colossal displacement of traditions. Legacy Formalism, because of the specificity it wished to explore, thus creating the concept of literariness, was a productive and adaptable framework. Formalism anticipated and influenced some important ideas in 20th century literary theory central position of language, devaluation of biographical element, importance of norm deviation, etc. will be featured by future theorists from Jakobson to Barthes. ShortcomingsThey have no developed theory of language, especially since Formalism was made in a pre-Saussurean view of language. Marxist critics argue against the absence of any hearty dimension in Formalisms conception of literature. They claimed that use of language is social and ideological. References Bertens, Hans. Literary Theory The Basics. Abingdon, Oxon Routledge, 2008. Jefferson, Ann & Robey, David. Modern Literary Theory A Comparative Introduction. Totowa, N. J. Barnes and Noble, 19 84. Thompson, Ewa. Russian Formalism and Anglo-American New Criticism A Comparative Study. The Hague Mouton, 1971.

A Critical Examination of Cultural Influences in the Film Bend It Like Beckham Essay

The consider Bend it like Beckham resonates with me strongly, as the conflict between occidental and Indian culture is all too familiar. The main caliber Jess Bhamra personifies this conflict in the most perfect and relat open way. Being a first generation Australian-born girl with Indian heritage, I can personally attest to having to at the same time maintain two very different cultures that so often clash. Bend it like Beckham, is a film telling the story of an Indian girl whose solely real goal in life, much to her p bents dismay, is to play professional football.As Jess embarks on her trying journey of self-development in a cross- heathen space, she befriends fellow football enthusiast and player Jules who convinces Jess to join the local womens football team. This friendship provides an interesting perspective on the Western culture, by offering the responder an acumen into the struggles of Jules life, some of which are very same struggles present for Jess. The diasporic i dentities that are Jess parents are non ill intentioned, however slightly overbearing in their persistence of Jess obligations to her traditionally Sikh family.Thematic aspects of etic-emic distinction are raised in this film and include the role of women, homosexuality, stereotypes, cross-generational behaviours and integration by relational theory. All such themes are senior high schoollighted by the culture clash at play, as Jess attempts to grasp some sense of identity in an over-protected Indian space. Womens roles in both Western and Indian cultures are thoroughly scrutinized in the film. Jess expresses some discomfort in assuming the traditional role of a Sikh woman as stipulated by her parents.This is the main source of discontent throughout the film, as her ethnocentric parents truly, and somewhat naively, hold the belief that becoming a lawyer and marrying a man at heart their community is the key to happiness. As was noted in Article one of Part A, the Asian culture hol ds loyalty to family-kin relationships and obedience to elders in very high esteem. In this regard, Jess Western values of freedom of choice and personal fulfilment take a backseat. This is highlighted in a conversation that occurs with her Western teammates, where hey ask her how she is able to stand getting an arrange marriage to which she replies, Its just culture with a certain nonchalance. In doing so Jess is demonstrating that she is culture-bound, conditioned to the Indian cultural in force(p) of arranged marriages. The ultimate attribution error committed by Jess parents is not a result of ill-intentions, kind of a protection mechanism against unknown horse opera influences. The role of women in the Western culture is not spared of social commentary in this film.It is interesting that Chadha, the Indian-born writer, director and producer of the film, chooses to examine the social constructs surrounding the implications of a womens football team in England. As there is no professional English womens football league, one can safely encounter that football is not an appropriate past time for women. This idea is reaffirmed by Jules draw who, throughout the film, holds a very traditional English view on the role of women in society.She often expresses her disapproval with sentiments such as, Nobodys going to go out with a girl whos bigger muscles than him Jess mother subscribes to the Indian tradition of a woman as a homemaker by saying, What sort of family would want a daughter-in-law who could play football but not cook? expressing much the same outlook as Jules mother, varied only by the respective womens contexts. Such generalisations about womens social place is also seen in Article four of Part A.Adams et al. (2010) acknowledges the place of women in Spanish society as home-maker figures by hypothesising women to be more able in polychronic environments. It is also seen that the Western culture as a whole participates in the alienation of the team as a result of unfeminine associations. This is seen when Jess makes the point that Indian girls do not play football. Jules pointedly remarks, Its not just an Indian thing. How many people come out to support us? The girls distinctly seek an equality check overing relationship with the mens team. The concept of homosexuality is broached in this film. While the notion is still taboo in Indian culture, Chadha makes a statement by depicting the West to be more informed but equally disapproving.This is illustrated by the undue paranoia felt by Jules mother when she mistakes the friendship between Jules and Jess as something more. When confronted, Jules exclaims, Mum, just because I wear trackies and play sport does not make me a lesbian The matter-of-fact looking at of this conversation and level of homosexual awareness in the Western culture is contrasted by Jess grandmothers remark, Why did she call Jess a lesbian? I thought she was a Pisces Her obvious lack of knowledge in confusing homosexuality and astrological star signs indicate her culture blind nature. As if to recapitulate the secretive taboo that is homosexuality in the Indian culture, Chadha scripts Tony, Jess childhood male friend, as a homosexual. Jess reaction to the news is indicative of a typical first-generation non-resident-Indian, a result of cultural conditioning.Her shock is portrayed through her exclamation, But youre Indian as if to say homosexuality is simply non-existent in the Indian culture. Jess soon recovers and displays an acceptance far greater than that of her own grandmother or Jules mother and tells Tony that she is okay with him liking David Beckham. While Chadha aims to resist and counter some stereotyping, the stereotyping of Indian communities as backward and conservative is still very prevalent throughout the film.Jules mother innocently typifies the Indian culture in her first encounter with Jess by qualification statements such as, I bet your parents are fixi ng you up with a handsome young doctor soon and Jess, I hope you can study my daughter a bit about your culture, including respect for elders and the like. She soon learns of Jess involvement in Jules football club and meekly states, Ive never seen an Indian girl play football before. Jules mother exhibits culture-blind behaviour and has very fixed notions about Indian culture she exudes disbelief as Jess dispels these essentialising notions.Chadha further breaks free from the stereotyping of arranged marriages by scripting Jess sister, Pinky, as having a love marriage. When Jess tells her teammates that her sisters marriage was a love match, the display of acculturation allows for her teammates to learn that the Indian culture is not as backward and conservative as is perceived. It seems that for an Indian family living abroad, the generational gap between parent and child is magnified by the overlay of cross-cultural aspects. Jess and her mystify share the same penchant for spo rt and both qualified to participate in quasi-professional teams in England.When both characters are on the receiving end of racial slurs on the field, they both react true to their cultural upbringing. Jess father demonstrates an Eastern submission and interdependent self-concept by walking away from the sport and quashing any hopes of returning to the field. Jess, however, displayed a more Western dominance and independent self-concept by physically retaliating, costing her a red card and a temporary suspension from playing. The Eastern witticism of obedience is also noted by Chang et al (2007) in stating anti-hierarchical behaviour is not allowed in Taiwanese workplaces.The movie culminates in Pinkys profligate wedding, very true to Indian culture. As an unfortunate coincidence, the football Grand Finals are held on the same day, rendering Jess unable to attend her football match and compelling her to her sister-of-the-bride duties. Throughout the movie, Chadha depicts Jess par ents in a harsh, dictatorial light however, her fathers wish for her happiness compassionately exceeds his own expectations, If its the only thing that will frame a smile on your face one the day of your sisters wedding, go and play. Jess reluctance to leave suggests that she strongly identifies with family ties and cultural commitments. Urged by Tony, she ultimately leaves the wedding to play the last half of the football match, winning the game and landing an opportunity to play professional football in America. Through relative Theory her parents understand that to have a meaningful social relationship with their daughter they must actively seek to understand her cultural viewpoint and schema.This feel-good film is a perfect illustration of Contact Hypothesis whereby Chadha has brought to life some contentious issues of Eastern and Western culture and allowed for a gradual process of cultural integration throughout the film. Concepts such as the gender roles, homosexuality, st ereotyping and generation gaps are highlighted so as to demonstrate that multicultural societies should not invoke permanent differences, rather form fluid identities which enable people to accept and internalize all components of culture beneficial to their lives.

Dermaplus Analysis Essay

Based on a rigorous analysis of the data provided, this report provides details with respect to the profit-maximising average cursory production capacity for DermaPlusTM for separately possible reference-based equipment casualty of $50, $100, and $ one hundred fifty per unit of measurement identified by the consultant. The estimated expected daily profit at each price will also be provided. All unit and price values have been rounded to the nearest whole number or dollar.Information in terms of the recommended average daily production capacity in units for the next 12 months will be provided in order to coiffe the size of the corrects unionized workforce. The assumption is the quantity of units identified used to set the size of the workforce will maximize daily profit.A summary and recommendations to trouble will follow the analysis.Profit-Maximizing Average Daily Production Capacity & Expected ProfitBiomed operates in a perfectly competitive market and has no degree of price setting power. In this case of DermaPlusTM, the government sets the price of the product. In order to determine the profit maximize output in the short-run for this market, each price aim provided by the consultant must be equal to the short-run marginal cost.Total profit is calculated from subtracting the combined broad(a) fixed and inconsistent costs from the full revenue generated. Total costs are derived from the fixed cost of $9,000 in addition to calculating the average variable cost formula provided by the regression analysis multiplied by the profit-maximizing average daily production capacity calculated at each price level.The regression analysis provided by Selwyn based on the data collected is statistically significant greater than a 99% confidence level based on the p-value with a high correlation between the dependent and independent variables at 95%Refer to Appendix I for the detailed calculations for profit-maximizing average daily production capacity and expe cted profit. expenditure Level = $50 per unitIf the government sets the price of DermaPlusTM at this level, BioMeds profit maximizing average daily production capacity is 342 units. At this level of output, entireness revenue generated is $17,100 per day. The total cost of producing this level of output based on total fixed and variable costs is $17,349. BioMed incurs a loss of $249 per day when the price is set at $50 per unit.If the price is set at $50 per unit by the government, BioMed should still continue to produce this product if production is set at 342 units. Based on the shutdown rule, BioMed can sell at a loss for the next twelve months as the selling price at $50 per unit is greater than the minimum average variable cost of $22.47.Price Level = $100 per unitThe profit-maximizing average daily production capacity at $100 per unit is 407 units. At this level of production, total revenue generated per day is equal to $40,700 with a total cost of $22,125. This level of dail y production will yield a profit of $18,575.Price Level = $150 per unitAt $150 per unit, the profit-maximizing average daily production capacity is 456 units. Total revenue generated at this level is equal to $68,400 at a total cost of $28,210. A profit of $40,190 per day is achieved when pricing is set at this level.Recommended Average Daily Production Capacity 12 Months Based on Price UncertaintyThe recommended average daily production capacity will be calculated using the expected price based on the opportunity distribution calculated by the outcome of the weighted averages. According to the consultant, there is a 5% chance of price being set at $50, a 20% chance of the price being set at $100, and a 75% chance of the price being set at $150. As a result, the price expected (Pe) based on the information from the consultant is $135 per unit.At this expected price, the average daily production capacity should be set at 442 units generating at total revenue of $59,670 at a total c ost of $26,219. At this level of production, profit should be maximized yielding a total profit of $33,451.

Dr Montessori Emphasises the Importance of the Development of Imagination

Dr Montessori emphasises the importance of the ontogenesis of imagination. How do cultural activities in a Montessori prep bed milieu aid in this development? visual sense, also c eached the faculty of imagining, is the ability of forming psychological images, sensations and concepts, in a moment when they are not perceived through sight, hearing or other senses. Imagination is the work of the mind that helps create fantasy. Imagination helps provide meaning to experience and understanding to knowledge it is a fundamental facility through which people choose sense of the world, and it also plays a key place in the finding process.A basic training for imagination is the listening to storytelling, in which the exactness of the chosen terminology is the fundamental factor to evoke worlds. Imagination is the faculty through which we encounter e verything. The things that we touch, see and hear coalesce into a picture via our imagination. Imagination is the power of forming a men tal image of something not present to the senses or never before wholly perceived in reality. It is a creative ability or mental capacity for experiencing, constructing and manipulating mental images.Imagination is responsible for the entire range of fantasy, original and insightful thought and sometimes for a ofttimes wider range of mental activities. With children and their development, nothing is to a greater extent important than imagination to help with the growth of thought processes and creativity. Children that are able to get away from it all and place themselves, mentally, in another world are more likely to be able to think outside the box and produce more creative results when acquisition and working.For this reason, the importance of imagination behindnot be underestimated and should be encouraged when raising children. Curiosity holds an important place in the minds of kids because it helps provide them with the will to explore objects and places that they do not kn ow. Children become curious from a very young age and begin to wonder about various notions in this broad universe, but it is imagination that helps carry the child beyond the boundaries of imagination and into a new world of discovery. It is imagination that begins to develop and occupy a very vital place in a childs mental world.With imagination, a child can move mountains, transport himself to a distant world, make himself smaller or larger, or disappear from sight. Imagination allows children to form new ideas and explore old ideas, all at once. For children with more to escape in their unfortunate realities, such as abuse victims or children with separated parents, imagination plays an even more critical role in development as it aids with coping. When children get scared, it is important to show them compassion and belonging. This can be accomplished through the use of imagination at play.Doll houses, miniature worlds, board games, role-playing games, or even a simple tent in the backyard can promote imagination in small children as they are influenced through the limitless boundaries of the creative world. With more than these in mind, Dr Montessori emphasises the importance of imagination in children. Maria Montessori give tongue to Free the childs potential, and you will transform him into the world. When she said this, she also meant that imagination is one of the childs potential that can be broadened over time.However Dr Montessori only emphasized imagination but not fantasy. She matte up that young children would not be able to differentiate between reality and fiction if they got too much idea about fantasy. It is a fairly super acid concern among Montessori parents and critics of the method that Montessori discouraged imaginative play. Montessori herself says this Adults, even thought they punish or patiently tolerate the errant and unruly actions of these disordered children, actually party favor and encourage their fantasies, interpreting t hem as the creative tendencies of a childs mind.Froebel invented many of his games to encourage the development of a childs imagination along these lines Toys furnish a child with an environment that has no particular goal and , as a consequence, they cannot provide it with any real mental concentration but only illusions. divided children of this sort are regarded, in particular in school, as being highly intelligent, even if they lack order, neatness, and discipline. There is a clear distinction between fantasy and imagination.The Montessori learning environment is much different than the traditional model. Instead of information passing from the teacher to the student, the teacher is skilled in putting the child in touch with the environment, and helping him learn to make intelligent choices and to carry out research in a prepared environment. The teacher then protects the students concentration from interruption. This fosters a love of lifetime learning in the student.

Marianne Moore On “Bird-Witted” Essay

Born in Kirkwood, Missouri, Moore studied biology at Bryn Mawr College. afterwards travelling in Europe with her engender, she taught at the U.S. Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and later moved to Brooklyn, New York, where she worked as a librarian. Moore first published her meters in such little magazines as the Egoist, Poetry, and Others, later editing the Dial, a highly regarded modernist periodical.In part because of her extensive European travels before the commencement World War, Moore came to the aid of poets as diverse as Wallace Stevens, Hilda Doolittle, T. S. Eliot, and Ezra Pound and corresponded for a time with W.H. Auden and Ezra Pound.In her poetry Moore experimented with the stanza and strived to unite what she called precision, economy of statement and logic with complex rhyme patterns, syllable counts, and flowery diction. Her volumes include Poems (1921), Observations (1924), Collected Poems (1951), and Complete Poems (1967).On Bird-WittedAbout the poe mThe American poet Marianne Moore wrote poems quite similar to fables in their use of animals and animal traits to comment on clement experience. Composed in (1951) and published in her Collected Poems, Moores narrative poem Bird-witted can attain the quality of fable as its being a outline allegorical narrative where the characters are animals who act like people while retaining their animal traits.The poem is about a mother mocking tinkers dam struggling to eat on its three fledglings or young birds when a cat approaches them to mark the transformation of the mother from a feeding and caring bird to dangerously defending and protective.The First StanzaMoore chooses animals or birds to replace the existence of the world of man, there is no human tho animals working like humans yet keeping their animal traits. Moore constructs in this poem and many other poems, a positive portrait of feminine figure. One of the toughenedest is, not surprisingly, the mother, almost all of them i n animal form, who appear inMoores poems of the thirties and forties. Moore lived with her mother all her life until Mrs. Moores death in 1947, who was a mother of un universal intellectual gifts as well as possessiveness and surely had that deep impact on her own daughter. The poem starts with locating the three young birds under the pussy-willow tree waiting for their mother. The three large mockingbirds with across-the-board penguin eyes are standing in a row beside each other solemnly till they observe their no longer larger mother approaching with what will feed one of them before going back to bring more for them.The Second StanzaHere, the stanza starts from where the mother bird is, as while fugitive it can hear the irregular squeaking of its hungry young birds similar to a broken springs of a carriage as well as fleck them below so tiny like brownish coloured freckles. (To them the mother is no longer larger, to her they are still tiny like freckles. A common but intercha ngeable concern between a mother and her children when claiming their growth and demanding their independence and knowledge while her enforcing her possessiveness and protection over them). When approaching them and landing, the mother bird puts a beetle in one of the little birds beak but as it dropped out the mother puts it in again. An image enforcing their helplessness and her caring yet, strong hold over them.The Third StanzaThis stanza shows the process, of which the young mockingbirds express how their hunger is satisfied. As they stand in the pussy-willow shade with their grey coloured coats, they spread tail and wings, wake one by one, the modest white stripe lengthwise on the tail and crosswise underneath the wing,. One must not forget that their squeaks or the accordion as described musically in the stanza, is closed again and now they set to test their skills of flying while the mother is away.The Fourth StanzaThe cashier has to express the quality of the mother birds melody as delightful yet its unexpected but rapid change as flute-sounds leaping from the throat of the smart grown bird coming from the remote unenergetic sunlit air when realising the brood leaving their place and testing their abilities to fly. And how harsh the birds voice has become as the narrator describes.Moores embodiment of maternal behaviour in animal figures not only affirms the instinctual nature of such behaviour in general but also reflects (and to some extent explains) the ever-present animal kingdom of pet-names by which the Moore family members expressed their attachments to one another. This spirit of maternal protection is placed in Moores female figures as they come into the full strength of their unyielding devotion.The Fifth StanzaThis stanza is devoted to a spotted cat described as approaching and be danger. The cat is observing the little birds and slowly creeping toward them while naively and out of ignorance they pay no heed to it. While one of the birds is in middle of its attempt to fly, its dangling foot that missed the cats grasp is raised and finds the twig or branch on which it planned to rest on. This incident is not to be left alone as the sixth stanza shows closure of this poem.The Sixth StanzaThe movement of this stanza is quicker than the previous ones, depicting the angry mother bird as it flutter from the sky down where the cat stands. Its fear for the safety of its own little birds had given it the strength and courage to involve in a deadly set upon where the cat is almost killed by the spear like beak of the bird and its angry wings. The enemy in the final lines, the intellectual cautious- / ly creeping cat, brings about an elicit point of the narrative, which is the transformation of personality brought on not only by the approaching danger of the cat but also by motherhood itself as the bayonet beak and cruel wings of the bird defending her brood, produces a seriocomic scene that Moore intended. This distincti on between protection and injury was clearly an grave one to a poet living creatively within her mothers house.Structure-Later in her life, in 1967, Moore confessed that the sound of the verse was more important to her than its optical pattern. She remarked that it ought to be continuous, and that she had always wanted her verse to sound unstrained and natural as though she was speaking. At the time, she expressed her distaste for the common place that she wrote in syllabic verse, in which the line lengths of a repeated stanza pattern are determinedby the numbers of syllables, rather than stresses. She confessed her liking to see symmetry and mode on the page.-Thus, in Bird Witted, as each stanza consists of 10 lines, all the six stanzas are alike in length of line but this poem has no rhyming pattern though some lines rhyme together-The pattern itself is repeated with each stanza though the count of syllables differs as in The 1st, 2nd, 4th and sixth stanzas (the fourth line cont ains 3 syllables), the 3d and 5th stanzas (the fourth line contains 4 syllables).-Word breaking as a word is split between the lines (sun/lit) in the 4th stanza and (cautious/ly) in the sixth one.-The fable like form, as animals replace human characters.-Assonance in the repetition of the vowel sounds of (wide/eyes), (keyed/squeak), (their/pale), (crosswise/lengthwise)-Consonance in the repetition of the final consonant sounds of (squeak/meek), (picks/puts)-Alliteration as the (t) sound in (the trim trio on the tree-stem), (f) sound in (freckled forms), (p) sound in (planned to perch)

Hydrofracking Global Issue

Hydro frackings global impact Benefits Immediate declaration to the energy crisis in the future Fracking is a solution to an affordable energy supply to the world UKs future energy crisis due to low screw up retentivity and rely heavy on import. Exploring the hidden potential for natural gas nigh the world umpteen countries such as China, Australia, France, etc. have vast shale formation and potential for hydro-fracking natural gas. China has number 1,275 trillion cubic feet of technically recoverable gas compared to 862 trillion cubic feet in USLower energy be for other countries around the world mellow cost from buying shipping energy from other countries High costs to build nuclear plans for energy Global environment will benefit from hydro-fracking Solution to aim with global warning Carbon dioxin emission decrease as the USs emission decrease 7. 7% since 2006 import energy through pipeline cause environmental damage due to methane leakage during transit less(prenominal) toxic compared to nuclear plansJapans nuclear shut down after tsunami disaster due to the toxic tack together to the environment and people around the areas Benefit the countriess economies as wellas the worlds economy Partnership between China and the U,S gain more jobs and stimulate the economy in both countries Drawbacks Global environmentals negative change Shale gas lineage cause earth tremors possible earthquake but not strong and serious and only around the extraction area. Long-term risk for the underground water resources that might cause frequent ealth risks Political write up Many countries has not tapped the natural energy resource due to technical hurdle and political have sex due to the danger that hydro fracking can cause to the people live near the s France has strong public opposition to hydro-fracking Bulgaria ban it Poland welcome it but was charge with bribery during the awarding lease processin g and obnubilate the plans Pending environmental review in South AfricaHigh costs for different countries In some European countries such as Poland, the costs to drill is three times more expensive compared to Texas, US. Need of levy technologies to reduce drilling and extracting costs Geologiess differences issue Chinas shale formation are deeper underground, thus private property rights has hindered the development. The countrys biggest shale gas prize lay in the province that water is hard to come by.

Promoting Health and Well-being

The demand of this assignment is to carry out a wellness packagingal material campaign on an bea that I feel is being publicised on a regular basis in the media. The bea that I confuse elect is tear drunkenness as it is growing concern in to solar days society and by carrying out this campaign I hope to raise conscious(predicate)ness within my chosen tar see free radical. I lead look at the different aspects on turn intoxication and the different campaigns undertaken by the g everywherenment in order to examine rent drinking. I allow carry out both primary and secondary question in order to devise my health promotion campaign.What is binge drinking?There is no actual exposition of the term binge drinking although it is usually defined as drinking to a greater fulfilment than half the recommended weekly breathing in in one session. It is important to recognise that the majority of batch do non consider themselves to be binge drinking as they may be oblivious to the recommended weekly allowance or they may be on a night out and do non realise that they are binge drinking/.People binge drink for m any reasons but it often caused by* Peer shove from friends* To escape from the pressures of life in order to relax.* To affix self-importance confidence and self esteem to care for with social situations* To consent fun bacchanalia drinking is withal drinking with the intention of get holdting drunk, drinking as much as possible in a short pace of time and in uniform manner to the point in which you lose control. Binge drinking is caused by the decrease of alcohol prices so tribe are up to(p) to afford much. Also most large number today bind an increased spendable income to which they are able to spend anywhere, and most deal feel spending it on drink it beneficiary. crapulence surveys in the UK normally define Binge drinkers as men drinking eight or more units of alcohol in one drinking session and for a woman it would be seste t-spot or more units. This is double the maximum recommended gumshoe limits for men and women respectively. Many experts and institutions in a flash use this as a definition of binge drinking. The National Institute of alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism defines binge drinking as a pattern of drinking that brings a soulfulnesss blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08 grams percent or above. on a glower floor is a graph that shows the results of a survey carried betwixt 1998 till 2005 of the voice of people drinking more than the daily number of units of alcohol (www.sirc.org/publik/binge_drinking.shtml)(www.sirc.org/publik/binge_drinking.shtml)Read also Six Dimensions of health WorksheetFrom this graph we stack see that a higher percentage of men drink more than the recommended daily number units of alcohol than woman. plainly in 2004 we can see that the percentage of men binge drinking has decreased and the percentage of women has slightly decreased.StatisticsBinge drinking h as execute more and more common in todays society especially with college students as it has become the norm that they go out and get drunk on a typical night out. Below are few statistics that I get to free-base on binge drinkingJoseph Rowntree Foundation embed that over 50% of 15 to 16 form-olds contract relegateicipated in binge drinking, and anformer(a) report showed that 44% of 18 to 24-year-olds are regular binge drinkers. (http//www.thesite.org/drinkanddrugs/drinking/ riddles/bingedrinking)Almost one in every six female drinkers decrepit over 16 now drinks more than double the recommended daily amount of cardinal units, the Joseph Rowntree Foundation found. (http//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_6783/is_2009_May_6/ai_n31616613/These statistics are very shocking as at the age of 16 girls should not be consuming alcohol never mind drinking the double daily amount of recommended units. This shows that there are no barriers to the age that girlish people forget bulk e xperiencing alcohol one ordinal of fourteen year olds and half of fifteen days are drinking alcohol weekly (www.bbc.co.uk/insideout). If they are doing this now at such a young age thusly this could lead to serious implications with their health in later years.Two in lead of the 1,600 under-18s who trained medical treatment after drinking binges ultimately year were girls.(http//www.mirror.co.uk/ news/top-stories/2009/03/22/binge-drinking-shame-of-britain-s-teenage-girls-115875-21217342/)This statistic that was published by the sunlight Mirror in March of 2009 we can see from this that young women are putting themselves at risk by binge drinking.In Union Ireland a shocking 44% of young people admitted to having their first alcohol drink aged between 11-13 years with an unbelievable 15% of young people admitting to being just 10 or junior when they had their first alcoholic drink.(Northern Ireland Statistics Research Agency) 2008(http//www.derrycity.gov.uk/care/alcoholcare.h tml)This statistic proves how many young people in Northern Ireland topically have had an alcoholic drink and this could lead to binge drinking very easily. We can see from this statistic that the percentage of people is increasing through with(predicate)out the number of age groups.Ireland is listed as having one of the highest levels of binge drinking among the 15-16 year age group. In a recent European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Drugs 1 in 4 young people in Ireland and the UK claim they have been drunk 20 times within the previous 30 days. (Northern Ireland Statistics Research Agency) 2008Within the UK the binge drinking problem is also a major concern with More than a third of British adults drink over the rubber eraser daily alcohol limit, (The Guardian newspaper) January 2009(http//www.derrycity.gov.uk/care/alcoholcare.html)However the amount of adults and young people binge drinking is on the increase governments have had to put forward other ways to tackle this social problem in the form of strategies. Below are three strategies that are put in place in the UK today.* The know your limits campaign This strategy was launched in 2008 by the Public Health Minister as part of a 10 million government campaign to tackle binge drinking. Its aim was to make aware to people the units in drinks so that they may be encouraged to stick to these guidelines. They advertised this campaign through adverts, radio, the press and billboards. It has a budget of 6million from 2008 and 2009 to seat those at most risk of binge drinking, the 18 to 24 year olds. It provides people with guidelines of how to stick with the recommended daily units of 2-3 units a day for women and 3-4 units a day for men. As tumesce as this it puts out there images of how binge drinking can affect the individuals health particularly through the advert on You wouldnt start a night like this, so why end it that way, in which the girl is shown a pouring drink all over her c circulari sehes and vomiting. (www.dh.gove.uk/en/news/recentstories/DH_084904)* The safe sensible cordial Strategy This strategy was launched in 2007 by the Department of Health and Home Office. It even off out goals to which they hoped to promote sensible so that harm to the person was reduced. The aims that they set out are* assemble down health harms* Minimise violence and antisocial behaviour* Ensure people enjoy alcohol safely and responsiblyThey aimed to encourage a safe environment by pointing on support and instruction for those who are at most risk.* The Alcohol Harm Reduction Strategy This strategy was set up for England alone by the government to decrease the harm caused by alcohol and binge drinking. It was not naturalised to cut out drinking alcohol stoply but to retard, minimise and manage the effects of binge drinking.Target groupFor this assignment I exit be taken a sample of the race in order to carry out a questionnaire so that I am able to get their views and o pinions on binge drinking. When deciding on what group I chose to target for binge drinking I alsok into consideration what age group and sex the health promotion campaign would benefit, will the target group be willing to participate and will they be interested in the research carried out.I have chosen a target group which I will focus my study on and focus the types of questions I will be asking. I have chosen females between the ages of 15 18.Rationale for my chosen target groupThe reason that I have chosen females between the ages of 15 18 was because I could relate to them as they are girls almost the same age as me. I also chose this target group as they are late to access as it relates to year 12 to year 14 within my school. Another reason that I chose to target this age group and this sex was because, when I was sounding at the statistics that I gathered both locally and nationally I found out that, over 50% of 15-16 year-olds have participated in binge drinking and al most one in every six female drinkers aged over 16 now drinks more than double the recommended daily amount of three units. Within my area in Derry it has become increasingly popular to drink at a young age and drink is very easily accessible and Fake identification is also on the increase and I would like to be more aware of these issues. So by carrying out this health promotion activity on binge drinking I feel that I can either prevent or delay them to a later age so that they are a lot more sensible and totally aware of the dangers and effects of binge drinking.ResourcesWhile carry out this assignment, I have had to gather different forms of research for the chosen topic. I will now discuss the types of secondary research that I have gathered and why these are of importance* Internet I have found information regarding statistics for binge drinking rates within the UK and Derry. I have referenced the sites that I have used throughout my assignment.* Newspaper article An article that was published in March of 2009 in the Sunday Mirror stating that Two in three of the 1,600 under-18s who conveyed medical treatment after drinking binges destination year were girls.* Television documentary In one of my lessons in my health and social care assort I watched a programme on the effects of binge drinking that the celebrity Michelle Heaton took on in order to show the British Public what they are doing to their health and bodies. It really showed both me and the viewers the realness of the dangers of binge drinking throughout numerous weeks. It definitely portrayed the negative sides of binge drinking. I felt that it highlighted the dangers of binge drinking and the serious risks involved.* Health promotion leaflet regarding alcohol Alcohol Young people has been put together in Northern Ireland. It includes questions and answers on alcohol and there are also effective contact details to contact in order to get advice and guidance. The leaflet was useful as it was easy read and educational for the referee.* A leaflet I also used another leaflet that I found in my local hospital which clearly set out the dangers of binge drinking on the human physical structure through a diagram. I felt that this was beneficial to me as a reader as it was easily set out.I have used all the above resources which have enabled me to understand a greater understanding of the definition of binge drinking. I felt that this has enabled begin my health promotion campaign with a greater understanding of the term binge drinking.Promoting health and healthful-beingHealth and well being can mean different things to different people. Health and well being can be described in different ways like The achievements and maintenance of physical fitness and mental stability. This is a positive definition of health and well-being. The absence of physical illness and disease and mental distress is a negative definition of health and well-being. The holistic definition of health and well-being is the combination of Physical, dexterous, Emotional and amicable health. I think health and well-being means being able to run a cc because if you cant run a mile you are not thinking(a).You efficiency not exercise regularly so you are not ample. I think hardly ever going to the doctor means that you are not healthy because you dont now if you have any diseases and you dont know if you are ill so you have to go to the doctor. I think to be healthy you will bring to have a sincere figure, indigence to go to the doctors regularly and doing exercise regularly. Physical involve are all about(predicate) our carcass working. Everyones body is unique and we indigence all our cells to work because we need to do definite things at certain at time like going to the gym regularly.There are certain physical take every one needs like food, water, shelter, warmth, clothing, rest. If we didnt have theses things our body wouldnt work the way want it to work. I ntellectual needs are the things that keep our brilliance working like education, mental stimulation and employment. If our minds or brain does not work regularly, this will affect our health. A change person will have a problem on learning new things. Emotional needs are all about people being loved, respected and secure.Read also Six Dimensions of Health WorksheetPeople need to feel, recognise and comport their different emotions to cope with situation in their life like when you fall in love and then get married, you find out that your partner is having an affair, you need to be able to get over it. cordial needs are those that make us adapt to environment like make new brace. You need these because it will affect your health. This can include you having a relationship with some one. You need to enjoy your self because this can affect your health. http//www. european-quality. co. uk This is a picture of Maslows hierarchy of needs.It shows things that a person will need in l ife to survive and it shows what a person that ability not need as much as other things The triangle shows important needs at the bottom and alter needs at the top. The triangle is set like this because it is showing the things we need in life to survive like food, drink and and so forth this is shown at the bottom. At the top it is showing what we dont need in life to survive like self-actualisation. This is the complicated need of a person in life. There is a table that is showing life stages from early child yob to later adult punk rocker. early child ceiling aged around 0 to 3 years Child stumblebum aged around 4 to 10 yearsAdolescence aged around 11 to 18 years Adult clod aged around 19 to 65 years Later adult hood aged around 65+ years Peoples health will change during life at Infancy and child hood. At this age the child will need help going round. The blow will need help to sleep. It needs protecting and the baby will cry for food. This is a physical need of child. The baby will learn how to play with toys. How to communicate with others. The baby will start listening to music. The parents will need to teach the child to read by reading bedtime story. This is an intellectual need of a child. The baby will need love and care from parents.This is an randy need of a child. The baby will need to make new friends and will need to go to nursery. This is a social need of a child. At adolescence peoples health change dramatically. This person will start going on to sports like running, gymnastic. The person will become healthier and will have a good diet. Some times the person will have a bad diet so he or she will be not healthy. This is the persons physical need of a person. There hormones will be high This person will go to school to be educated. He or she will learn new skills. They will learn how to play games like jigsaw, chest.This is the intellectual need of adolescence. Adolescence will start to understand what hormones are and will start to fall in it. He or she will star to have relationship with the opposite sex (male or female). This is an emotional need of a child. These teenagers will start making mates. He or she will start to go out with mates. It will star doing activity (hobbies). It might go to clubs. This is a social need of a child. A disabled persons life will change dramatically like he or she might recover the disability. If the person is disabled he or she will need different types of health.This depends on how the he or she is disabled. The disabled might need help like how to walk, accessibility such as lifts, needs potential help. Some disabled need help every time. He or she might need help to go to the toilet (cant control bladder). This is physical need of a disabled person. The disabled person will need to learn how to use a wheelchair. They might need to be educated. This is an intellectual need of a disabled person. The disabled will need ways to deal with bullies like people express joy at them. It will need love from parents, sisters, brothers and family.This is an emotional need of a disabled person. A disabled person will need help have difficult making new mates because he different to everyone around him. Many parents dont let their disabled children out because he or she might get lost or might have got into a fight or might have through serious damage to themselves. This is a social need of a disabled person. At adult hood it is a time to take on roles of independence, lifestyles, marriage, and family. During adult hood people health changes because of many reasons like Physical, this is a time where we are our healthiest and will reach our peak performance.Intellectual, at adult hood, it will be harder to learn new things because our brain is becoming weaker day by day. They can try to learn new things but this time it will be harder. They can learn to play games like darts. People go to school at adult hood so they can get educated. Emotional, at adult hood p eople will become more emotional. Their hormones develop. They might fall in love with the opposite sex. They might loose a member of there family. affectionate, at adult hood people will go out more with mates. They might go clubbing or they might go to a parapraxis club. They will have more confident.They will make friends easily. Some people might find making friends hard. This can be because he or she might be shy. At later adult hood people over the age of 65, health will change very quickly like he or she will retire. This means they are very old. Many older people start doing things they have not done when they were younger and when they were at work. They might go on a vacation. They might start to play some type of sport like golf. Some older adults are not able to be as active in their retirement as others because they are not as healthy as they used to be.They might also loose their partner or a member of his or her family. The standard definition of negative health and well-being is when soul thinks that health isnt injuries, illness or disease. But this is a negative definition of health and well-being. For example, David aged 40, works in a super market. He takes drugs like cocaine, cannabis, and magic mushrooms. He thinks he is healthy because the drugs make him feel good and tough and he hasnt been ill for 15 years. His hasnt been for a check up and hasnt been to the doctor.He doesnt know that he has lung cancer and asthma. Rebecca aged 20, works as a car instructor. She doesnt exercise regularly. She smokes because all her mates smoke. She thinks it is cool smoking so she doesnt go to her local doctor for check ups. She hasnt been there for 7 years. She thinks she is healthy because she is skinny and she is good sounding. This dickens are examples of negative health and well-being. The standard definition of positive health and well-being is the state of gross(a) physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of diseas e or infirmity.This means if someone is not feeling well he or she goes to the doctor and also has regular check-ups to ensure the body detains healthy. For example Tom aged 30, works in hospital. He thinks he is healthy because he goes to the gym every day for 3 hours. He likes weight lifting because it makes his muscles bigger. He isnt on medication and goes to doctors regularly for a range of checkups. He doesnt take drugs. Tom has no illness. He also has a healthy diet and goes out often with his friends. Clair aged 15 thinks she is health because she runs a mile every day and goes to the gym regularly.She likes taking gymnastic classes. She goes to a private school called Challenge College. In school she has joined many after school clubs like chess club, basketball and others. She goes to her GP regularly and she doesnt have any dieses. Theses two are examples of positive health and well-being. Here is the 1948 definition of health and well-being The World Health Organisatio n takes a more positive view when it describes health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of dieses of infirmity (WHO, 1946) Here is the recent definition of health and well-beingThe more up to date world health organisation definition of health is the extent to which an individual or group is able, on the one hand, to realise aspirations and satisfy needs and, on the other hand, to change or cope with the environment. The later definition of health and well-being is better. This is because the old version does not include the health change day to day but it includes the recent definition of health and well-being. In the 1948 definition of health and well-being it doesnt say anything about life stages changes every day but it mentions about the mental and physical health.The meaning of holistic health is, when a person refers to (P. I. E. S) physical, intellectual, emotional and social. For example everything and everyone around u s and affect our health. We need to be prepared for any challenge in life. Here are some examples Samantha aged 20, works as a train conductor is always looking at all her aspects of her life like Physical She always goes to the gym because she likes to be fit and healthy. She is always ingest healthily. She goes to doctors for regular checkups. Samantha goes jogging every morning. Intellectual she is always thinking on how she can improve her life.She goes to college so she can be educated and she is learning how to drive a car. She has started to play games like chess and monopoly. She has started playing for the girls basket ball team. Emotional she has broken up with her boyfriend. She hasnt let the broke up upset too much. She is still living with her parent. She looks after her nieces and nephews. Her grandparents have passed away. She doesnt care much about this because she didnt now them at all. Social Samantha is always thinking of new ways of making new mates. She likes going out with her mates. She likes going to Hollywood bowls.She spends most of her time with her boyfriend called David. Dom aged 60, doesnt work because he has retired and he is disabled. He always looks at his aspects of his life like. Physical He has to sit in a wheel chair. He rides in his and thinks it is fun. His granddaughter is looking after her. He goes doctors for check ups. He is exercising his upper body because he cant exercise his lower body. Intellectual Dom has started to take chess clubs lessons. He has started to learn French. He has joined a basketball team. He is learning how to play basketball. He is learning how to play other sports so he can stay fit.Emotional Dom has lost his wife in a car accident. The death of his wife affecting him for a long time. He has four grand children. He looks after three of them in his spare time. Social Dom cant do things he dreamt to do along time ago because of his disability. He goes out a lot but cant do everything a normal person can do. He has lots of mates. Lots of his mates come and see him and see how he is doing. In school and at home I asked people what they think health and well-being means to them. I asked Junayed, my parents, my brothers, my friend Tom and my friend Ashlie. Here are the results of my health quiz.

Penn Foster – Why I Am the Best Candidate for the Job

Best candidate for the line of work The Computer Help Desk Support Technician position at University of the West Indies correlates well with my skills and experience. The skills related for this job includes, assisting students, faculty, provide and any other customers who come to the front desk, dealing with computer issues, answering the telephone to give give with enquiries, and data entry using Microsoft Word, and Excel.I have significant knowledge of this field through my previous engagement at T. A. Marryshow Community College, where I served as a Secretary within the Information Technology department. I acknowledged this vocation through my ability to troubleshoot problems and deal with customer issues. More specifically, I had a scenario with a visiting professor from a foreign country who came to the office for help with his laptop computer.Being new to the campus he was tearing with the ups and downs of trying to find his way around and baffled because he had no idea of how to connect his laptop to the internet. I seated the professor and assured him that he was at the right place. After a hardly a(prenominal) minutes I was able to connect his device to the internet and I also handed him a map of the campus to help him get to different places on the campus easily. He was overly pleased with the customer returns he received and the efficiency in which I handled his laptop.This occurrence has boosted my self-confidence and also motivated me to try on an advanced degree along that path. I enrolled at Penn Foster Career School program, where I recently completed a diploma in Computer Support Technician. This thorough training helped me to comprehensively hear the skills that are readily applicable to the position. With the acquisition of this knowledge I can guarantee you that am most(prenominal) competent for this position and that all concerned will mutually benefit.

Benefits and Effectiveness of Accounting Essay

The research was based on two variables these atomic crook 18 figurerized bill organisations which comprise of definitions, components of computerized unfermenteds report softwargon and benefits and limitation of computerized system and monetary reporting which withal comprises of definitions of financial reports, benefits and effectiveness of score system white plagued at National Water and Sewerage Corporation. The study leave behind enable circumspection to read the signifi buttocksce of preparing quality and reliable financial reports. The study will point out weakness in the report system which management needs to address.The G everyplacenment of Malaysia by dint of the Department of Accountant General (MDAG) has instructed mara to implement the Standard Accounting brass for Government Agencies (SAGA). This is a broad(a) Enterprise Resource cookery (ERP) organisation, developed based on web-based application and is using an accrual basis of accounting. The SAG A financial system enables its users, especially the government agencies to close their accounts on a daily basis, monitor their daily financial activities as soundly as produce standardized financial reports to the stakeholders at any place and any m.However, upon completion of the SAGA financial system analytic thinking, mara identifies that the system could not cater all MARA business activities. Processes such as disbursement of scholarship and loans to students and entrepreneurs argon not covered by the system. As such, MARA still has to prevent its existing entropybases and thitherfore made special request to the MDAG to exclude the implementation of SAGA while awaiting MARA ICT advisors recommendations on the development of a new MARA Total Information and pecuniary System.As a conclusion, the SAGA financial systems could not be used by MARA on its own. The end-users in MARA need to ope target both, SAGA and its own systems at the same time. This situation could lead to users confusion if they argon to use different type of system when updating certain type of financial transaction. This is because the end-user of MARA Computerized Accounting System could only utilized the SAGA Financial System good for ordinary operating expenses whilst any disbursement of expenditure pertaining to subsidiary system, they still need to use the existing MARA Financial Systems. Consequently, internal controls and security functions may not be easily built in the systems. Concurrent use of both systems may modify job satisfaction and performance of the end-users.Introducing Computerized Accounting Information Systems in a Developing Nation Egyptian International MotorsThis study aims to assess the implementation of accounting information system on a lodge in a developing nation. To answer this question this manuscript attempts to do the following (1) identify the reasons for the wobble to an automated system and the main goals that the company aim to achieve f orm this shift, (2) determine the companys strategic decisions like choices between outsourcing versus in-house development, and ready made parcel of lands versus tailor made softw be, (3) describe the steps of implementation, (4) take the reaction of the employees to the new automated system, (5) study the required changes on the organizational chart and human resources qualifications that are required, (6) recognize the problems that the company met during the process, (6) point the advantages of the shift to the automated system.A computerized accounting System go outs many advantages over manual systems, for example entries do not fuddle to be recorded in multiple ledgers so as to fulfill the cardinal rules of financial reporting.A single entry is made and the system will consist all the appropriate corresponding accounts automatically. Computerized accounting also makes it possible for people in other departments,not just accounting to enter data.It does not require avast amount of accounting knowledge for a payroll gross revenueclerk to enter wages details into the accounts,a basic understanding of how to use the system is sufficientThe study intends to flummox out the effect of a computerized accounting system on the quality of financial reports generated by an organization. To study the effect of computerize accounting systems quality financial reporting.To determine the challenges encountere by organizations before and after implementing a computerized accounting system. To identify strategies/measures of ensuring quality financial reporting.An accounting system is part of the organisations management information system therefore a good or decent accounting system essential be able to produce reports like trial balance, aged debtors and aged creditors. Accounting systems must raise data that should enable the production of management accounts, statutory accounts and must also assist the managers and accountants in discharging their stewardsh ip shares. business Of AccountsA good system should enable the firm to produce its management reports and management accounts at compendious notice. This will enable the organisation to monitor performance, to take decisions quickly and to make decision based on objective and verifiable information.Audit TrailAudit trail is very important as it will enable auditors and senior managers to monitor proceeding entered in the accounting system and this will ensure that there is information integrity. A good system should document the changes that have been made in the system, who made the changes and it should also be able to track what was changed.Compatibility With Other ProgrammesA strong characteristic of a good accounting system is that it must be compatible with other systems. For example, it should easily be configurable so that it can slip away with other programmes like Excel or Crystal. An accounting system should be able to export transactions and reports into Excel and it should allow data and transactions to be imported from an external source. This will lead to time savings as there will be no need to duplicate a role or process.Error DetectionIf an accounting system does not dictate errors then it is not a good accounting package as it is failing to perform a basic functionality. An accounting package should decline to post transactions that do not balance for example the total debits should equal the total credits and if this is not the case, then the accounting system should automatically flag this error.Internal ControlsInternal controls are the eyes and ears of the organisation and a good accounting system should embed these internal controls into the system. Internal controls enable prevention and detection of fraud and error. An accounting system should enable internal control tools like separatism of duties, reconciliations and account allocations. A good accounting system should not allow users to delete data that has been affix into the system.Manual Vs Computerized AccountingComputerized accounting systems provide to a greater extent benefits than manual ones, allowing for more accurate calculations, in slight time. Compared to manual accounting, with a computerized system errors are far less common, eliminating human error. And with accounting programs that are industry-specific, you can benefit from various preset templates for your general ledger, saving more time. You can store virtually everlasting information, without any trouble at all. And if you later want to review financial information from several age ago, with a computerized accounting system you can do it easily, while with a manual one you would have to sort through stacks of paper ledgers.Bottom line, both systems may be useful to well-nigh extent. But for more accurate bookkeeping and increased efficiency, a computerized accounting system seems to have more advantages. You can find several free versions online, as well as more proficient accou nting software system available for purchase. Search online for such accounting systems, read about their features and decide which one would be better for your particular business needs. Although they will not allow you to physically handle the ledgers, it will provide a better accounting solution.The advantages of Computerized Accounting seem to be unknown by business owners and individuals who are in doubt of purchasing Accounting Software. Accounting Software has been a trend nowadays. With the vast Computerized System Providers and wide range of versions to choose from, Accounting System has evolved to be one of the trends in information technology. Computerized Systems are intentional to create more value in Financial Accounting. Value can be relayed in terms of speed, accuracy and reliability of accounting data. With Computerized System, invoices can be transmitted in an instant through email inventories are appropriately monitored and disbursements are tracked for payments to be done before due dates. It helps Bookkeepers to slenderise manual activities.When transactions are entered in the Accounting System, automatic entries are posted to generate data needed for financial reporting. Accounting Software enables Bookkeepers and Accountants to adjust necessary accounts to reflect the correct amount of individually Account. Computerized Accounting allows Accountants to trace erroneous data and entry in a creative and organized musical mode through the help of summaries, list of accounts and original entries.Article Source http//EzineArticles.com/?expert=Jason_Tsang Article Source http//EzineArticles.com/7017983Computers are extensively used in accounting and there are multitude of computer software for Accounting, MIS, CRM. HiTech Financial Accounting is one such software which has been customized for users in many segments in business and services. Payroll accounting was the first commercial area to become widely computerized. The calculation of wa ges or salaries involves a number of variables which relate to the personal details of separately employee, such as gross pay or rate for the job, individual deductions, tax liabilities of the employees and so on. These facts can be retained in the computers and processed every calendar month of produce pay slips for the employees. The computer helps to exercise the type of stock control needed by the organization. It up to dates the sales and purchases records, determines optimum re-order levels for different items and prints out the stock lists when desired. The system can be so designed that it triggers orders when stock level reaches order point for various material items tests those item which are slow base or gives list for over stock items.Programming can be done for any sales accounting system. The computer will pin point defaulting debtors, determine the right limit for credit for each debtor and maintain stores ledger. Costing and budgetary control can be affected throug h the computer, the computer will point out the variations from the planned performance.The computer also helps greatly in production think and control. It is possible that scheduling of the work may become necessary due to break downs etc. A new critical passage may have to be worked out. A critical path is the shortest path to be followed in production to achieve production objectives. The computer helps the management lay down this new critical path.The increasing competition and the highly demands of globalization, Malaysia government attempt for Small Medium Enterprise, SME for the development of innovative, warlike with high technology. Computerized accounting system (CAS) credence may be decisive factor for an organization to be success and also to survive. This research project which aimed to investigate SME practice of CAS and to identify the factor affecting the adoption among SMEs in Melaka.A survey was carried out through a set of questionnaires to examine the chief operating officer Innovativeness Factors Scale, embrace Usefulness Factors Scale, Perceive Ease of Use Factors Scale and Business Competitiveness. The sample selected comprised of CEOs of SMEs in three districts in Melaka, namely Melaka Tengah, Alor Gajah and Jasin. The data gathered were coded and analyzed using descriptive statistics, linear regression analysis, Pearson Correlation analysis and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).This study reveals that CAS adoption rate in SMEs in Melaka is high. Results from the analysis also shown the meaningful of independent variables and proved the relationships have been substantiated to the dependent variable which contribute to the usage of CAS adoption between SMEs in Melaka.The findings indicate that CEO innovativeness perceive ease of use and business competitiveness negatively correlated to the adoption of CAS. Results reveals that only perceive usefulness are significantly positive correlated to CAS adoption. Therefore it can be deduced that adoption of CAS among SMEs in Melaka is caused by its usefulness. The findings reveal that types of business and business location influence the adoption of CAS. However, size (paid up capital, sales turnover and number of employee) do not influence the adopter. Results also indicate that CEO literacy on ICT, accounting and CAS has influence the responded CEO to adopt CAS in their business. However, the advantages by using the accounting systems software were not fully utilized by CAS adopters. http//www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijbm/article/view/18273