Animal Rights Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Animal Rights - Research Paper ExampleIn applied research with direct clinical applications in brutes and humanss. Animals are used in psychological research because they assist in the better soul of human psychological characteristics which include remembering things and the changes seen in periods of strain. This research has assisted in the understanding of psychopathologic conditions which include schizophrenia and depressive disorders as well as the assessment of the untoward effects of medications used in the treatment of psychological conditions. It is for these reasons that the role of ethics has come into play. Many argue that puppets should have their rights and they should not be used for experimental and research purposes (Plous 1996 Smith 2010). Other than that animals are as well creation slaughtered and killed because of which their habitat is being endangered. This essay would further revolve around animal rights and prove as to why is it important to maintain animal rights these days. Significance History In the seventeenth century a common notion was held against the acts of animals which were considered to be unethical and dangerous. However gradually the rights of animals have been recognized such that some states even look forrader to extend the rights of liberty and life to them (Kadri 2006). It has been seen that strict measures have been taken to measure the violence against animals by many an(prenominal) animal rights organizations. The argument of animal rights Previously animals did not have many rights but over quantify organizations have been created to argue for the rights of animals. The case of animal rights lies in the fact that the animals can breathe just equivalent the human beings. The proponents of animal rights believe that there is no such difference between human beings and animals and both of them should be treated equally. In amity to biology human beings and mammals have almost the same characteristics. two of them have a witting perception about the surroundings and can make choices in accordance to their will. Human beings do not like certain things over others and same is the case with animals and this should be consider in terms of animal equality. On the other hand the opponents of animal rights believe that these animals do not have a right similar to that of human beings. According to them the animals do not have conscious perception about the things that they are doing. According to the famous philosopher Rene Descartes animals were merely robots acting in a mingled manner. At certain instances religion is also brought by these opponents to argue the case against animal rights. St Augustine stated that by a most just ordinance of the Creator, both their animals life and their death are subject to our use. The opponents also put forward that animals do not have a sense of morality similar to that of human beings. These opponents argue that because of their immoral acts the animals should also not be tolerated in the society (BBC 2011). Animal Cruelty Although animal rights have been promoted in the society it is still seen that animal cruelty figures are on the rise. Between the old age of 2003 and 2004 it was found that more than 100000 complaints were made against the cruelty of animals (BBC News 2004). Moreover in 2010 it was found that the complaints against animal cruelty rose by around 10%. Animal cruelty has been discouraged to a colossal extent in many states and the consequences of animal cruelty have been severed to the extent

Faith schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Faith schools - Essay ExampleThe term cartel schools is aimed at the relationship amid education and faith (Grander, et al, 2005). They are one of a variety of schools including speciality schools, grammar schools, comprehensive schools and others. They can be defined as schools, some(prenominal) primary and secondary, which are provided under the aegis of recognized religious faith (Wallace, 2008). Thus, they provide students a general education with a framework of specific religious belief including orchis and informal activities.The discussion almost faith schools is not easy because it involves a number of complications at both policy and practice levels. A strong debate rises among politicians, educators, media and the public conducted with a level of bias about whether this type of schools should be banned or not. This essay allow investigate this issue presenting the various sides of debate. It will comminutedly demonstrate the different assumptions, principles and veri fications that each perspective gives and reveals the significance of such(prenominal) debate on the educational process in the UK. Doing so, it will focus on three main aspects that form the base of such debate. These include the matching with educational aims, the educational achievement and the implications on community integration.The aim of education is to pause capacities and capabilities among people to lead a good life (Pring, 2005). Such abilities include problem solving and critical and analytical thinking that encourages personal development and build the foundation for a truly rational individual(a) (King cited Pring, 2010).Some people stand against faith schools as they believe they mismatch many of the essential aims of education. They vie that these schools work under specific agendas that focus on nurturing particular set of religious beliefs and attitudes over the nominal head of attaining the basic common educational purposes. Accordingly, they

Connection Between Substance Abuse and Crime Research Paper

Connection Between Substance Abuse and hatred - Research Paper useMost importantly, however, is the fact that when the net is cast widely, then it will trap everybody since if it is not addicted to intoxicant and drug abuse, then, it is the resultant violence and crime associated with alcohol and eyes abuse. Therefore, the interest in analyzing the outlet of Substance Abuse, Alcohol, and Crime is derived from the fact that it is a social problem that has refused to go away for the longest time. Further, the need to study this subject emanates from the fact that it is a problem for all, and since everybody is affected by this subject, it important to engage it widely, since the existing laws and policy dominion simulation does not seem to be effective in addressing the problem, creating a need to engage alternate means of addressing the problem.However, while substance abuse, alcohol, and crime is a serious menace for the nation, the specific area where the impression needs t o be addressed is in the issue of alcohol and substance use by teens and newborn people, which results to juvenile crimes, while also affecting every aspect of their lives, such as their personal health, education, sanctuary and security, relationships and addition (Musto, 1999). Nevertheless, the major risk is the connection that exists between alcohol or substance abuse and crime. The effective risks emanating from alcohol consumption and substance abuse by young people is high, and the chances of destroying the whole life out front of the young people are high. The legal and policy framework in relation to the subject of substance abuse, alcohol, and crime is not favorable for deterring the access of alcohol and substances, and their consequent illegal use. The legal and regulatory framework has illegalized the possession, production, and distribution of drugs and substances, while the actual problem is not licensing, but the fact that such drugs and substances are usable an d accessible for use (NCADD, 2013).

Tim Burton and art Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Tim Burton and art - Research Paper ExampleTim Burtons controversial pieces in a innumerable of forms of art add flair to the debatable position that the art culture continually gets attached to. It can thereby be correctly stated that making a contribution to the industry in the vogue in which Tim Burton does is a unique package that any other industry would warmly welcome.In this discourse, a view of the career that Tim Burton has had in art industry is made in order to highlight the grandness that individual artists uniquely add to the entire culture. The uniqueness of this artist is particularly given the center-stage in a number of reviews for four different art pieces. Perhaps one striking contrast in the character of this artist in the discussion is the current profession, though still in art, which is a complete work shift from his earlier forms of art works. An introduction to the artists cultural environment during his career and his profile enable a critical analysis on his works which ends in a conclusion on the superior general contribution to American culture in the tail end of the discourse.Artists style of work is largely forged by the prevailing environment due to the close relationship that art and culture or social surround of a people. It therefor implies that something can be picked from an artists work to depict the form of authoritative waves prevailing in form of culture that the people in the artists community had. Tim Burtons career commenced in the early 1980s during which fine art experienced many changes. Tim Burton was brought up at a time when the movie industry was hitting the market and he particularly had a relishing for film works. Interestingly revelations on his early life confirm his liking for films where he made the influence contributed to his spirited input in making his first film in 1971 when only 13 age of age. Film making industry influence assisted in bringing out the artist skills in the artist by triggeri ng interest in film

Exploration of Regional Variations in Attitude towards Guanxi Dissertation

Exploration of Regional Variations in Attitude towards Guanxi - Dissertation spokes individualPolitical forces and economical policies also influence the thinking and conduct of Chinese people. A subsection talks about the developments of peoples behavior under the Chinese Communist Party and Socialism. As china pass ons its doors towards the world economy, the country as well as its people adapts to a new state of affairs. new-fangled practices and new ways of thinking are introduced to the people. A subsection takes note of the developments in officeal economic reforms that greatly affect regional values.The effect of regional variation in management is explored through incompatible literatures in a separate section. Cities of Shanghai, Dongguan and Chongqing represent the eastern, southern and southwestern regions of China, respectively. The three cities are the focus of the look for since they are close representatives of regional diversity in China. Subsections on rele vant information about the cities are written in order to give background data and facts.The second section will unpeel the meso factors specialised to China on a national and regional level analysis. Values and beliefs are elements of a persons behavior towards guanxi management. A subsection discusses Confucianism as the source of Chinese traditional values. Under the open economy, Western practices influenced the traditional style of Chinese managers behaviors and attitudes. A subsection is focused on western influences.The inner core of Chinese managers attitudes lies in the regional and ethnic diversity of the country. Each region has unalike business styles and characteristics. Separate subsections describe the varying subcultures dominant in cities of Shanghai, Dongguan and Chongqing.The next section of the chapter skins the different micro layers wrapping an individual Chinese manager. It is in this section that modern theories about guanxi and its relevance in the busine ss environment are introduced and reviewed. The components that constitute guanxi are identified and defined using different contemporary literatures. As behavior is directed by social standards, a subsection appraises the sources of social expectations of managers. Another

Language is the only homeland Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Language is the only homeland - Essay ensampleThese women were searching for license and Kingston describes independence in speaking up rather writing. It became her identity and do her look at herself and her family from a new perspective that is in a more mature manner. similarly Marshall finds independence in spoken word and in writing with emotions. Marshall and Kingston regain their stories as inspiration to black women writers and those Chinese emigrants who are afraid to speak up about their value and culture. Marshall connects himself to the African American ancestors. Both writers believe their writing can be linked to unexpressed words of Chinese and African American women. It states what the women were always longing to say but they did non had the independence to do so. Their writings are related to the cultures they were exposed to throughout their lives. Paule Marshall dialogue about her take care in growing up a family that immigrated to America from Barbados in West Indies.In her essay Poets in the Kitchen she not only talks about what experiences molded her personality but also the inspiration behind her writing.History of Barbados explains a lot about the background of thi8s essay.The inhibition of island by ArawakIndians and then Carib Indians greatly describe about the traditions told by Paule at her house.For instance Indians would tie their childrens forehead to slope them up.This tradition is quite similar to one discussed by Paule in her essay the bellyband that is tied around the stomach of a newborn baby to keep the navel point pressed in (Marshall1). . wherefore indicating where the traditions discussed by Paule actually originated from. Marshalls relation to African-American ancestors directly involves her buzz off and friends of mother. In that era when black women were just viewed as labors, Marshall viewed them as a piece of art. Therefore Marshall uses the kitchen and home setting she was exposed to in her childhood, t o describe the African American tradition. All mean solar day labor, hard work gave these women no time for any other activity. They resided to their language and freedom of expression as the only way to self express themselves. (Marshall1).While relating to her mother, Marshall talks about how her mother resorted to oral conversation and she on the other hand adapted written form of communication to express her creative desires and emotions. She talks about how the language transformed daily wit the evolution of new words such as tumbling big for a pregnant woman, free bee for one with freedom for sexual favors (Marshall1).Marshall identifies with her mothers personal experiences, stories and writes a record of it all. Identity can be defined in several divergent ways.It is way more diverse and complex than ones identification card simply.Orientalism defines identity in quite a new perspective.It talks about how West perceives East.The West is always seen as the dominating super ior tycoon while East are considered weak, suppressed and uncivilized nations.This point of view has been rooted in our traditions since centuries and it has shaped the peoples way of thinking.As a result East has adapted the mindset of being powerless in expect of West.In the chapter a Song for Barbarian Reed Pipe in the Book The Woman Warrior by Kingston, the event of

W2 Assign Human Capital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

W2 Assign Human Capital - Essay Exampleess, then changing the procedure or process to enhance the output, boost capability and also the efficiency of the procedure or process (Cokins, 2009). The link between PM and improvement of performance is that their main goals of be to boost organisational efficiency and effectiveness to enhance the ability of the company to deliver services and/or goods. Another area, at times, targeted for both PM and improvement of performance is organisational efficacy, which adjoins the process of setting organisational objectives and goals (Cokins, 2009). Performance management and improvement normally concern processes like statistical quality management and other softer forms of assessment like customer satisfaction surveys that are applied in obtaining qualitative information on performance from the stance of customers (Cokins, 2009). conventional HR measurement systems mainly center on efficiency, but in order to transform this into strategic hum an heavy(p) management, they should attention paid to efficiency and effectiveness by measuring turnover, bench strength and attitudes (Merkle, 2011). Rarely do human resource leaders think about the impact and relative effect of diverse giving pools on organisational performance (Merkle, 2011). More significant, traditional HR measurements are hardly ever directed in particular to where they are most prone to have the utmost impacton key/vital talent. Traditional HR management systems need to pay more concern to nonfinancial impacts, as advantageously as sustainability needs to be improved, and strategic human resource management can persuade these, as well (Merkle, 2011). The key activities that HR managers need to participate in to be successful have to do with how somatic strategies associate with human capital management. Studying the organisations keenness to implement diverse strategies and supporting the execution of the bodily strategy should be activities that are co nducted much more often by efficient HR functions

Cakes Health Effects on Humans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cakes Health Effects on Humans - Essay Example sweeten is a substance easy to plague but when one is aware of the health effects, the decision requires a re-thinking. Seslar (p.67) discovered that sugar presents a very tempting likelihood of abuse and it often leads to addiction. Sadly, as the abuse keeps taking place so does health deterioration. Consequently, in the end, the person has too much sugar in the remains hence leading to some health concerns. Apart from rendering ones teeth less useful, cakes tend to have other preservatives that have been found to be a health gamble to many. Howard and Wylie-Rosett (p.24) noted that due to lack of monitoring, many cakes are made with little regard for health so posing a real health risk. Unfortunately, not many people take time to wonder some of the purported agents. Even though many cakes are portrayed as ones reach with all the necessities the body requires, the opposite is the truth in many cases. Sugar is a necessity to the b ody but succor has to be practiced or else memory capability will decline significantly. It was noted that too much consumption of foods with excessive sugar could lead to decreased memory (Avena, Pedro and Bartley p.24). Normally, this occurs because many, if not all, of the cakes consumed, are cooked containing significant amounts of sugar. worse still, the consumers of these cakes take them in large quantities thus increasing the amount in the body. Whereas this paper is not ineluctably demonizing cakes, it is the manufacturers tendency to focus on money that makes the situation worse. On the other hand, the consumers escalate the situation by consuming without control. Even though health concerns have been raised about the cakes, it is imperative to state that wheat, an ingredient of cakes, plays an essential role in humans health.

Factors for the prevalence of diabetes and mental health(inpatient) in Research Paper

Factors for the prevalence of diabetes and mental health(inpatient) in the UK - Research Paper Exampleactors creditworthy for mental illness in the UK include infections, pregnancy, lack of essential nutrients, psychological factors, poor parenting, poor relationships, stinting problems, poor relationships, family destructions, social expectations, etc. The differences between mental illness and mental disorders have also been flesh break in the discussion for better understanding. Recommendations have been made on the basis of the discussion and they include out of family marriage, addressing to environmental issues sincerely, taking precautions against viruses, encouraging breast feeding, increasing physical activities, reducing workload, minimising use of artificial flavour, alimentation more nutritious food, taking precautions during sexual intercourse as well as pregnancy, improving parenting and addressing to several(prenominal)(prenominal) social factors responsible for the prevalence of these dangerous diseases.Diabetes and mental illness are among the most prevalent diseases in the United Kingdom. People with these disorders die prematurely as compared to other diseases. Other than the deaths from accidents or unnatural incidents, the moment of deaths from diabetes and mental illness are quite high. The relationship between diabetes and mental illness is now recognize on a broader scale (Diabetes U.K 2010). Usually there are two types of the diabetes that are found in co-occurrence with schizophrenia and that pairing of glucose tolerance affect the overall health of a person. Both the diseases conjointly misuse substances present in the body affecting the health of patients severely leading them the mortality. Through several researches it is evaluated as well that the people with diabetes are more likely to die as compared to the people without the evidences of diabetes in their bodies. (Vinogradova et al. 2014)The researches on the death rates an d the patients with such diseases are though no more ignored by the researchers yet the researches on the factors causing these

Profiling an Non Government Organization (NGO) Essay

Profiling an Non Government Organization (NGO) - Essay ExampleThis taste describes the People for honorable Treatment of Animals organisation (PETA), that is the largest organization in the world fighting for animal rights. PETA was founded in USA in the year 1980, by Ingrid E. Newkirk. Today, the researcher states that it has affiliates in France, Netherlands, India, United Kingdom, Germany and over 15 countries in the Asia-Pacific region. The organisation aims at the welfare of animals. It intervenes in areas where animals play. The mission of PETA is to focus on four key issues where animals suffer the most, including laboratories, clothing trade entertainment industry, factory farms and domesticating environments. The researcher also discusses the controversies as strategies that PETA used recently. People for Ethical Treatment of Animals have been using civil disobedience and controversies as a strategy to attain creation attention and attract government interventions. For In stance, the campaigns of People for Ethical Treatment of Animals included nudity. The naked campaign which began hardly a(prenominal) years ago saw participation from celebrities like Pamela Anderson, Christy Turlington, Todd Oldham Marcus Schenkenberg and Kim Basinger. A very interesting public fosterage propaganda that People for Ethical Treatment of Animals could introduce was the awareness campaigns on pet animals that was also mentioned in the essay. In conclusion, the researcher suggests challenges of the organisation, such as funding and the sustained availability of contributions.

Introduction quiz Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Introduction screen - Assignment ExampleAccording to Bouvier, Craig & Gossman (1994), the Rtlischwur was a solemn oath taken by the cantons ancestors in the year 1291 while at the Riitli. The oath was meant to task the ancestors with the role of controlling law and justice in the area.The physical location of Switzerland made Switzerland confederation to receive a lot of external pressure from the contiguous states. This, together with politics of the region resulted to enhanced mandate of the confederation to be the highest body for internal and external interventions (Bouvier, Craig & Gossman, 1994).True. According to Bouvier, Craig & Gossman (1994), the collaborative interest of the three cities to protect their autonomy from external forces and to secure its people provides that the sovereignty lies in the autonomy. This is made possible by flexible physical compositions that allows for easy amendments.True. Switzerland was created with the need for each canton to entertain its autonomy, and preserve its culture. The culture of all the cities thus plays a major role in contributing to the boilers suit culture of Switzerland (Bouvier, Craig & Gossman, 1994).True. The 16th century reformation of the three cities continues to shape the culture of Switzerland. However, the flexibility of Switzerlands constitution allows for adjustments and changes (Bouvier, Craig & Gossman, 1994).Calvin expelled religious leaders and teachers who encouraged wrongdoing by claiming that wrongdoing committed unwillingly it cannot be considered a sin. This made people to be more cautious with their behavior. He also trained people on the importance of governmental responsibility (Bouvier, Craig & Gossman, 1994).Henry Dunants strategy to have leaders involved in community activities meant to minimize human suffering was similar to Calvins quest to protect the people from political interference by ensuring that politicians take responsibility (Bouvier, Craig &

Liberalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Liberalism - Essay ExampleLiberalim i the culmination of development in Wetern ociety that produced a east northeast of the importance of human individuality, a liberation of the individual from complete ubervience to the group, and a relaxation of the close hold of cutom, law, and authority. The emancipation of the individual can be undertood a a unique achievement of Wetern culture, perhap it precise hallmark. (Necati , 1998, pp. 447-477)Liberalim alo derive from the practice of adverariality in European political and economic life, a proce in which intitutionalized aspiration-uch a the competition among different political partie in electoral contet, between proecution and defene in judicial procedure, or between different producer in a free-market economy-i ued to generate a dynamic ocial order. Adverarial ytem have alway been precariou, however, and it took a recollective time for the belief in adverariality to emerge from the more traditional view, traceable at leat to Pla to, that the tate hould be an constituent(a) tructure in which the different ocial clae cooperate by performing ditinct yet complementary role. The belief that competition i an eential part of a political ytem and tha4 good government require a7vigorme Oppoiion wa 4all c/nideped drange in eop Edropean c/uft2ia in he Epl9 19th7centUry. (Neat( , 19, pp,7447-077)Each nati/N lHike other polhtial octrind, lib%0al)m7i hig(ly enitiva 4k tIMe aNd bhpcumtance Each nati/N liberalim i different, and it ahange in individually generation. The hitorical development of liberAlii over recent centurie ha been a movement from mitrup of the taTe overegnty on the ground that office track down to ba miue, to a willingne to ue the power of government to correct inequitie in the ditribution of wealth reulting from a free-market economy. The expanion of government power and reponibility ought by liberal in the 20th century wa clearly oppoed to the contraction of government advocated by liberal a centur y earlier. In the 19th century liberal were generally hopitable to the buine community, only to sour hotile to it interet and ambition for much of the 20th century. In each cae, however, the liberal inpiration wa the ame a hotility to concentration of power that threaten the freedom of the individual and prevent him from realizing hi potential, along with a willingne to reexamine and reform ocial intitution in the softly of new need. Thi willingne i temPered by an averioN to udden, cataclymic change, which i ghat et df thE diberal fpnm the7raical.7It i thi ve2y eagern%7to encjurage7ueful ch nge howeve2, that ditingUihe the liberal from 4he conErvativ. (Necati , 0998, pp. 447%477)LBeraL Interna4ional i the w/r(d federat)on /f lIberal political partie. Fo5n$ed in 194 it7ha7becoMe the pre-emInEnt .et/rk fOr 0romotijg liberaliM, trengtheninclib%rah part)E anD for theprmmotion of lhberal de-ocracy arouNd THe7world. Dhere are a .1mber of comMon prescript w(ich unite al, liberal partie brom frica, the AmerIca, Aia, and Europe human rifhT, free7and fair eldction and muhtiparty-democracy, nciah judice, tolerancd, ocial market econgmy, free trde, environmental utainability and a trong ene of international olidarity. Naturally in the application of thee principle in different national circumtance there i diverity among liberal partie. All member adhere to the organiation Manifeto. (Necati , 1998, pp.

What is Federalism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

What is Federalism - Research Paper ExampleThe federal government was left to handle the issue of interstate and international commerce and coining of the currency while the states dealt with and rule the interstate power and to conduct their own elections as well as to exercises their own powers which had non been delineate by the constitution.This type of federalism was however overtaken by state federalism which was also known as cooperative federalism where in that location was cooperation betwixt the state and national government and this took place between 1939 and 1969. There were no clear boundaries where wholeness type of authority began or ended yet in the local level of governance. Between 1969 and the amaze new federalism prevailed. It insists on devolution where the states are given some power and responsibilities and limiting of powers of the federal government. This was called for on the logic that the locals and states were in a better position to be effectiv e since they are at the rafts level and understands the circumstances at that level better than the federal government would.Federalism has allowed sharing of not only power besides responsibilities as well. This has led to a peaceful coexistence and working together between the two types of governance form on social issues but more so political issues (Welch, Gruhl, Rigdon and Thomas, 2011). call down legislators aim to bring to their respective houses prospective laws and policies that will not only benefit their state but other state as well which leads to coexistence in politics a thing which was previously not possible in the previous types of federalism or would simply be non-existent.A country having the all the powers be held by only one person leads to dictatorship and political problems. This is what happens in nations that lack federalism or even just devolution of powers which are only held by a few people in the government. With the system of federalism where power is divided between the federal and state,

Why Some Employers Are Reluctant to Address the Issue on Workplace Term Paper

Why Some Employers Are Reluctant to Address the Issue on Workplace browbeat - Term Paper ExampleA good complaint resolution scheme should include an pickaxe for the employee to talk directly to the bully with or without mediation. On the other hand, if the employee prefers to let the company mediate, he or she should be given the option to request for on the loose(p) or formal resolution of the issue. An casual execute of resolving issues of bullying in the workplace is much faster and less stressful for everyone (Uff, 2006). This approach is unremarkably essenceive to resolve informal complaints of an employee. Simple incidents of bullying that do not require the company to effect punishments against the employee or employees involved should be resolved through an informal process (Uff, 2006). In most cases, an informal resolution process takes the no-blame approach to the issue and both parties are asked to come to an amicable agreement to quit from committing any acts that constitute bullying towards each other (Ontario Safety necktie For Community and wellness Care, 2009).While the informal resolution is quick and does not carry with it certain punishments, a formal resolution process is usually associated with the exhaustive investigation, mediation and giving appropriate punishments against the guilty party (Ontario Safety Association For Community and Health Care, 2009). The formal resolution process usually involve (a) the lodging of a formal complaint, (b) an initial rejoinder where the human resource officer or any designated person meets separately with the parties involved in the declare bullying incident, (c) the appointment of an investigator to look into the matter, (d) the appointment of an investigator after the initial meeting with the parties, (e) sway of the actual investigation, (f) presentation of findings, (g) appeal on the findings and decision of the investigating team, and (h) final resolution (Ontario Safety Association F or Community and Health Care, 2009).

Geology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Geology - Essay ExampleThis then resulted to the governing body of the sun and planets that nominate up the solar system (Seeds 80). This has been supported by the ratio of the aluminum isotopes found in the meteorites that were organize when the molecular cloud collapsed. The scientists came up with a model that explains the unusual levels that the isotope contained (Seeds 79). They stated that the levels could have been because the isotopes were being provide in the molecular cloud at the time the supernova event was occurring.The seismic waves caused by the supernova event were intent in nature thus when they collided with the cold molecular cloud of gas resulted to it colliding. This consequently led to the formation of the solar system. As it is seen the death of the star that was caused by the seismic waves that were a result of the supernova event make way for the solar system to be formed. This helps us to understand the fact that the solar system came into populace as a result of the death of a star (Seeds

Time and Happiness Essay Example for Free

Time and Happiness EssayGood morning everyone. The topic I have elect is WHAT IS HAPPINESS. Nowadays, many people designate money provoke buy happiness so that they pass on break away over ten hours to earn more money. They think that if we argon rich then, we throne do anything such(prenominal) as buy a fat dog, a big house, a grand car or many luxurious things LV bag, DOIR shoe and so on. It cannot be denied that material feel is happiness because you can buy the things you want but I think material life can only make me happiness for a short period of time which is external happiness. I think cultural life can spend a penny you a long term happiness and this is happiness from heart.There atomic number 18 cardinal simple ways of gaining happiness that I would like to mention about. First of all, good relationship with friends and family are the main points to become happiness. The reason is I can get more love and sense of keeping from them . When I feel un bright o r I am in a problem, they are the ones who back up me solve the problem and give me support all the time. Although they have never tried to make me happy by buying me some expensive things such as i-phone, i-pad, I can never interrogative in their support and love for meand that feeling is what makes me happy.Therefore, I love my family and friends and I am very proud to say that I have a very good relationship with them. The next point that I want to focus on is my dream because self-realization can let me gain pursuit of constant value. I have some small goals as well as some big, I get out never let go of these dreams that I have been dreaming of.. In spite of all the difficulties that I will have to face during this phase, I will try my best to enjoy them and tackle them because these travel can let me know and learn how to be mature and independent.Therefore, the pursuit of eternal value will be eternal happiness. The last thing that gives me happiness is helping the need y people. The reason is I can get more meaningful and wonderful time in my busy life. Undeniably, volunteer can not earn money or waste time but I do not think so. When I help the needy people, I will earn more naive and satisfaction in their possession. And I think, for me this is happinessGetting to help others and doing some good deedsTo conclude, good relationship of acquaintance and family, achieving my dream and helping others are the main three points that gives me the exact meaning of happiness. These things not only give me a long term happiness , but also gives me the satisfaction and the feeling of happiness from heart. You see, these are not the material things. I can say the simple cultural life is happiness in my heart because I know Happy is he who is content. I hope that you can regulate the right meaning of happiness in Your Life. Thank You

Google China Essay Example for Free

Google china EssayChinese language anticipate engine launched in china in 2006 (pg. 37) ships company was private until 2004, Page and Brin decided to conduct a Dutch auction sale Dutch auction was designed to democratize IPO share tout ensembleocation and afford companies and early investors the high hat price( pg. 40) Company 5,680 employees were scattered throughout the world (pg. 41) 2005 positive cash flow of 3. 45 jillion (pg. 41) Revenue of $6. 14 billion (pg. 41) Google motto dont be evil (pg. 42) With a population of 1. 6 billion people, China had become an attractive market for many U. S. -based multinationalsChinese internet controlled through both political and censorship (self-Censorship) (pg. 47) Chinese political science was able to monitor all foreign internet traffic by routers (URLs) (pg. 47) In 2002, google. com was inaccessible for 2 weeks, it was slow and temperamental for all Chinese partrs (pg. 53) Google was losing market share to Baidu, yahoo, an Microsoft (pg. 53) measure 3 Write the problem statement. Tom Maclean, the director of International Business for Google Inc. was facing whether to spread over google. cn in China or just leave it as google. com, even though google.Would be a long-play search engine in china and may not give Google Inc. any profit. Maclean has to address this problem within 24 hours or Google Inc. may lose profits from China. pure tone 4 State an object lens for the manager regard. Short-term objectives 1. To- Rebuild reputation that was damaged 2. To- maintain both search engines Long-term objectives 1. To- Google should continue with their mission to organize the worlds information and reach it universally accessible and giveful 2. To shape better methods to make google. cn filter the Chinese informationStep 5 Identify and rank hunting lodge critical issues related to the problem. Here lies the heart of the case if you miss a critical issue, you miss the probability to solve the cas e to the satisfaction of involved stakeholders. Identify least to most critical. Specify which issue should be addressed first. 1. The damage caused by Google Inc. 2. finding methods in filtering google. cn 3. Google. cn whether it should continue in China, since Google was losing market share to others such(prenominal) as yahoo, Microsoft, and Baidu Step 6 Consider relevant information and underlying assumptions related to the problem.Fact- Chinese government censors search results about harmful Material Fact- China is a great place to obtain investments Assumption- Google. cn would do honorable Step 7 List possible solutions to the problem. 1. First solution. Google should get rid of Google. cn in china and just let it be google. com Advantages Advantage- dont have to worry about the censorship and regulations Advantage- all places would have the same search engine Disadvantages Disadvantage- slower search engine Disadvantage- Chinese wouldnt use it at a search engine Possible Ou tcomes Best Google.com would be a good search engine and the Chinese will use it Most Likely Chinese will not use google. com as there search engine, causing Google to lose money Least Likely Google. com would be the Chinese search engine 2. Second solution Google will continue on with google. cn in China Advantages Advantage- it would make Google Inc. profit Advantage- Google will rebuild reputation that was damaged Disadvantages Disadvantage- Chinese users would be aware of the filtering but not the exact nature of filtering Disadvantage- everything goes through the Chinese government Possible OutcomesBest Google. cn will be the best search engine and Google Inc. will rebuild the damaged caused Most Likely Google. cn will be good and make Google Inc. profit Least Likely Chinese government wont get involved in google. cn Step 8 Select the best solution. What should the manager do and why? Support with evidence. Google Inc. should come across forward with google. cn and persuade ch ina to lower their regulations and expectations. Step 9 Decide how to implement the solution. Create a plan of actionactions required, time line, resources, personnel, impact on the organization, measurement of results.Tom Maclean should implement the solution in the meeting he is going to have, let them know that google. cn will continue to work in China but it will be more organized and need the Chinese government to lower their expectations. Step 10 Explain how to communicate the solution. How to communicate the message and to whom. Consider the postulate of your target audience and the needs of stakeholders. Think about timing as well. He should communicate the message through a offer conference, within the next day of his decision.

The English Parliament and the French Monarchy Essay Example for Free

The English Parliament and the french Monarchy EssayEngland and France both real very different governmental systems during the sixteenth century. cracking Britain created a governmental system on which on that point is little infringement upon the rights of the people, and there is a fan tanary government to keep the royal power in check. The French monarchy was the exact opposite. The monarchs ruled absolutely and controlled all the affairs that took place in the kingdom. Although the English and French of the sixteenth century evolved differently, their governments both generated great power and wealth. The English parliamentary system incorporated the ensample of a society where the people have the power. This in turn was backed by a fibrous ruling class of nobles and royalty. This provided an efficient bureaucratic government that mirrors the Democratic-Republic system that is currently employed in the States today. Resulting from no direct taxation, in exchange for t he increase in price of royal services, the majority of the universe of discourse did not have to pay exorbitant amounts to coexist in an environment with powerful figureheads. The wealth generated was then kept inside of the royalty resulting from the nobles requiring the royal services.The commoner peasant class was not constrained by the governments financial burdens. This lead to the rise in the lower classes economically, which led to better furnishings, diet, and extra capital. The extra silver then was poured into the adventurous joint-stock companies which financed voyages to Africa, India, and China. This resulted in lucrative profits from the rare commodities. The governments investment in this industry alike led to a large cash flow and an increase in prestige and power in its venture throughout the uncharted seas.The sheer(a) Monarchy of France took the idea of prestige and power to a new level. tax income was placed upon sales, salt trade, and households. This gene rated huge new wealth for the French government. However, the French government consisted mainly of the Absolute Monarch and his cabinet. The power of the nobles was leeched from them as they sought entertainment and fine foods from the bottomless pockets of the court of the Absolute Monarch. dissipated events that led to the decreased power of the nobles were brought to a whole new level as King Louis IX reigned. He is quoted assaying I am the state, because of his absolute influence on the French government. Great power succumbed to this as he envisioned conquering both Spain and Germany. However, other nations stepped in to keep a balanced system of kingdoms within flourishing Europe.The English idea of the power of the people through parliament and no direct taxes was drastically different from the power strapped people of the French Absolute Monarchy. However, the English and French governments both proved very successful in accomplishing their goals of obtaining huge wealth an d power through their radically different ruling systems.

The End of the Race Essay Example for Free

The End of the Race auditionThinking almost the outcome of mixing races, are Asians and Europeans distinguishable in the distant future? As intermarriage goes intense, there would be many minorities in race. In contrast, majorities attitudes toward minorities generate discrimination simultaneously minorities are more likely to be exposed to disadvantage. However, Steve Olson says that each intricate individuals are the key to weaken the lug between races.Matthijis Kalmijin also supports the point that intermarriage decreases the conflicts between cultural convocations and it weaken prejudice and stereotypes against other races. In the past decades, researchers moderate described patterns of marriage, and examined individual variations in intermarriage. In terms of making selection on partners, it seems race has had much influence on it. In the report written by Matthijis Kalmijin, he says lot have a operateency to marry within their social group or to marry a person wh o is c brook to them in status.Although many characteristics play a role in the choice of a spouse, sociologists have most often examined endogamy and homogamy with respect to race/ethnicity, religion, and socioeconomic status. According to the research, in a wiz that people have tendency to marry a person from the same race or close status, endogamy leave still be practiced even if intermarriage go intense. Therefore, Asians and Europeans would be physically distinguishable in the future. Native Hawaiians are one of the good examples of minorities in race. How did they become minorities?On November 26, 1778, an European ship captained by James Cook first arrived at the Hawaiian island of Maui. Never seen Europeans before, til now Polynesians accepted them without hesitation women from lower classes were willing to exchange their bodies in order to move up in social status. In 1852, 84 years later of his arrival, three hundred Chinese men arrived to excogitate on plantations, a nd in the next century nearly half a million more workers followed, including China, Japan, Korea, Puerto Rico, Spain, Austria, Germany, Norway, and Russia.This is how so called hapa Haoles came out. What does this history bring in todays Hawaiian society? According to Olson, Native Hawaiians have the lowest incomes and highest unemployment rates of any ethic group. They have the most health problems and the shortest life expectancy. They are the to the lowest degree likely to go to college and the most likely to be incarcerated. This is caused by a vicious circle discrimination in education and employment between native-born Hawaiians and majorities.Well-off haoles, Chinese, and Japanese send their children to private school, turn the public schools are underfunded. Besides, the rapid growth of the tourism industry in Hawaii accelerates the already-worse situation today. tourism produces mostly low-paying jobs in sale, and construction. Because the education and jobs that you female genitalia possibly acquire is closely connected, there has few opportunities for native Hawaiians to move up in career and improve their quality of lives.However, Olson says Minority races are likely to be exposed to prejudice, but barriers between groups become more permeable when a substantial number of meld individuals demonstrate choices are possible. In other words, you can fetch a choice to look quite a little minorities or to respect them. This is also supported by the Matthijis Kalmijins report saying that intermarriage can thus be regarded as an intimate link between social groups in a sense that marriage is usually an intimate and long-term relationship.Also, firstly, intermarriage decreases the salience of cultural distinctions in future generations because the children of assorted marriages are less likely to identify with themselves with a single group. Secondly, by intermarrying, individuals may lose the negative attitudes they have toward other groups. In other words, intermarriage may eventually weaken prejudice and stereotypes against other races in the way that it makes the very people and the future generations feel more amiable toward their races.Although it depends on how mixed individuals feel and think about their races, they are definitely the key to eliminate prejudice. As an mixed of Japanese and Chinese, I strongly agree to the Olsons opinion saying that the barrier become permeable if we mixed individuals make choice. Being put in this situation, I somemagazines feel ambivalent about my nationality and cannot put myself in either side because I know both societies good and bad aspects. The practise I found was to be an international person without fully belonging to one side.As antecedently mentioned in Kalmijins words, I am exactly the children of mixed marriages without identifying themselves with a single social group and I want to be an intimate link between social groups. I think cultures will survive as long as ea ch race respects and practices their distinctive cultures. Mixed races including me tend to forget to learn deeply about one culture. Because mixed races will increase over time in general, however, I regard we are the one who need to keep these things in mind and make effort to understand multiple cultures which we are exposed.

Castration Essay Example for Free

Castration EssaySexual assault and child molestation ar a constant emergent problem in the United States today, the bigger issue is the fact that the pedophiles atomic number 18 being released from prison house early due to overcrowding of the prison system. One such famous pedophile is David Wayne Jones, who was convicted of some(prenominal) variant charges involving child molestation against more(prenominal) than 40 boys. Mr. Jones, who served only 15 years due toa apology agreement for those charges, underwent voluntary physical castration in lieu of hemical castration (Schmalleger, 2009). He was previously on medicine that was for chemical castration, or testosterone blocking medicine. This opens up the discussion for castration and if it is a viable excerption for inner predators. Castration is best described as removing the reproductive organs of an individual to prevent virility Oennett Blakemore, 2012). While in the past castration was only in the physical for, in todays society thither are two types of castration, chemical and physical.Both hysical castration and chemical castration have the prospective to reducing the recidivism rates of awaken offenders by lowering testosterone hormone levels, weaken sexual impulses, and making erotic urges more manageable if the sexual urges are encouraged by amplified testosterone hormone levels. Chemical castration is intended to be less invasive and a temporary fix, while physical castration is permanent. In relation to sexual predators, some see castration as an easy answer to an appalling and intricate problem.Given that the reliable penitentiary systems does not seem to be successfully functioning to decrease the rates of recidivism. It is even impuissance to be a deterrent to future sexual offenders. As with castration is supposed to lower the different hormones that are needed to become aroused, it is not always 100 percent. I recall that there are some cases where the Judge should have t he option of surgical or chemical castration. I strongly believe that surgical and chemical castration should not be an option for root time offenders.If the Judge sentenced castration on a first time offender, how would that give the offender possibilities of rehabilitation. The statics show that majority of all sex offenders was once a victim of the same crime. While this does not mean let the offender pop out away with a crime because of their history, it basically means give the offender a chance to go through therapy. Also, I believe that all first time sex offenders should be mandated to take a psychiatric evaluation. This evaluation would distinguish a mental illness from a sick ndividual.As for snatch time offenders, I believe this should most definitely be an option for a Judge. After the first offense and having the resources of rehabilitation, the offender should have learned a lesson. Obviously, if it is a second offense, that shows the offender may not be able to con trol themselves or not care about the harm he is doing to others or the consequences of his actions. If the second time offender is sentenced to castration, I believe this offender should be eligible for early parole or early release.For the third time offenders, I believe there should be Justice served for this individual. A third time sex offender should be mandated to chemical and surgical castration when at their sentencing hearing. An offender who commits the Instead using castration as a method to release sex offenders because of the problem of overcrowding of the prison system castration should be used as a punishment. If the prison system wants to reduce any(prenominal) offenders sentence due to overcrowding, it should be those offenders that have committed a non-sexual abuse offense.

Compare and contrast the poems Essay Example for Free

Compare and contrast the poetrys EssayThe metrical composition leaves us either assure that in the midst of all reprehensible there can be some good or depressed and in despair because in the family life of the Belson com manhooddant lurks an evil which could ruin their lives any time. nighttime of the Scorpion The title de nones power and control from the scorpion as sensation night the scorpion ruled and controlled everything that happened. The title uses Night to oblige a sense of dark times and that something fatal may occur. The poem is very other. It has an Indian localization which is where scorpions can be found as it is one of the warmer regions of the world.The poem is in free poetise with the last three lines sectioned off. It is of narrative style and contains a very memorable heart. The weather was dreadful and it was lashing with rain. In fact the monsoon conditions had affected the scorpion and all that it wanted to do was to shelter from the torrent. Ho wever it was grim by the poets mother who was probably searching for rice to feed her family. She was stung and the poison from the tail entered her blood stream like a foreign invader defiling the enemy territory.Many neighbours arrived and the author compares this to a swarm of flies. I would compare it to students who clamour around desperate fro entertainment around a schoolyard fight or would be helpers around an accident victim. The neighbours like the helpers all had their suggestions many of their ideas involving the power, rituals and beliefs of religion. The scorpion is thought to be evil when in globe it is only trying to protect itself. The people bankd that the victim and the scorpion were still linked.This bond meant that when the scorpion moved the poison at bottom the mother moved around her blood invading and conquering. Many prayers were said for the victim. The neighbours also felt that start of this tragic accident some good would emerge. The poison would bu rn away her sins and cleanse and purify her corpse of excessive ambition and lustful or adulterous thoughts or acts. Neighbours believed that her suffering was paying the price of evil to God and reducing the amount of evil in the world.The victims husband was provideing to try any one idea or a combination and mixture of the suggestions. He was usually not one to believe in religion but usually based his opinions on logic and facts. Yet even he set fire to the affected site and watched the flame feeding on her toe. A holy man was allowed to perform sacred rites and after twenty hours the victim recovers only to rejoice in the fact that it was her and not her children. The mothers wishes were a superb example of the unconditional love most mothers feel for their children. Comparisons and Differences.Both poems are rough creatures who are simply concerned with their own survival. With the vultures it is the need for food that causes them to be scavenges and with the scorpion its w ish not to be squashed causes it to flash its diabolic tail. Both poems give information on cultures that are not beaten(prenominal) to us. The main difference is the message given by the poets In vultures the readers can chose there own jell with regards to good and evil whereas the second message denotes the helplessness that sometimes death will occur and at other times the victim will survive.In the scorpion it is possible for both the victim and the scorpion to survive whereas the vultures will die if they dont eat prey and the prey is already dead. Death is a necessary evil for the vultures. cultural Background I think that Night of the Scorpion best captures cultural background because it mentions religion and family life from another(prenominal) culture. For example mud baked walls and candles and lanterns and the Holy man performing his rights to tame the poison with an incantation. Whereas vultures is set in the middle of nowhere, somewhere like the deserted plains of A frica.It isnt something that would be found happening in a village. Scorpion is a true story of the poets family and it comes across through the detail and building of atmosphere the poem contains brought about by the phrase ten hours of steady rain had driven him to crawl beneath a sack of rice. As he was there at the time his thoughts and feelings are brought across very well in his writing. The poem shows compassion when the mother only said Thank God the scorpion picked on me and spared my children. ConclusionI take vultures as I like the way in which evil is contained in good. This is shown in the phrase in the very germ of that kindred love is lodged the perpetuity of evil. The evil is described in phrases such as picked the eyes of a swollen corpse, ate the things in its bowel and fumes of human roast. The good just is conjured up by inclined affectionately and tender offspring. I feel it is more of a poem compared to Night of the Scorpion because Scorpion is a very much n arrative style of writing. It is too narrative for my liking.

Precipitation and Mother Nature Essay Example for Free

Precipitation and find constitution EssayThere was a son he lived high above the clouds in a glass bear, the boy was about 6 feet tall, Black pig that is past his ears and c overs one eye, his eyes are Grey and Black, under his lip there are 2 dots called snakebites and he had beautiful black angelic wings. This boys name was rainwaterfall, his name was rain down because whenever he was crying or bad it would rain in Washington State, rain was sad a lot so it rained quite an often. One day rain looked down on Washington and saw that it was snowing this took rain by astonishment because if he makes rain thus psyche makes snow and that person must live near him fall felt excited, in his head he made a plan to fly all more or less tomorrow and try to find this person. Night came and precipitate went to bed so he can endure energy for tomorrow. Morning came and rain down woke up feeling better than ever, He got up and went outside, come down circulate his wings a nd jumped. Rain felt wind rush by him and then his wings operateed to soar. Rain didnt exactly know where he was spillage but he was either looking for a house or person. Rain thought he was out there for hours until he saw this house it looked manage it was made out of crystal. Rain flew over there and landed on the crystal porch.He walked belatedly to the door, He didnt know what he was going to say until his thoughts got interrupted by the door opening, Rain shot his head up and there stood a girl, the girl took rains breath away. hullo can I help you? She said, Rain couldnt even speak to her, her angelic voice kept ringing through his ears Hello? Rain snapped out of it. Sorry, but Im Rain I control rain obviously and I saw it was snowing down in Washington and if I make rain then someone makes snow so I was hard to find that person because Ive never in truth talked to someone. Rain said out of breath. Oh very well. Why dont you come inside? Ive never actually had compa ny either. She smiled Warmly, than Rain did something he never thought he would do he smiled. They walked inside and she asked him if he wanted a cup of tea he agreed and she dark nearly and Rain studied her figure, She had Pure white hair with bright blue eyes, she was kind of short compared to Rain, more or less 52. She had Fur boots on with white jeans, a white top that formed down to crystals, a crystal necklace that glowed on her chest and white wings that seemed similar to Rains. I was wondering, What is your name? Rain hollered over to her. Oh How rude of me, Im reversal and I control snow. She chuckled and gave him his cup of tea Thank you. Rain mumbled and smiled. Rain was very confused on why he was smiling so much he has never really smiled.So Rain tell me about yourself? Well Im a mortal, Im 6,952 but I have the appearance of a 18 year old. My produce died when I was younger and thats how I toke over rain. Rain finished and looked up at carbon she had pity in her eyes. Oh Im very sorry but you must be going I have to make it snow tomorrow and need lots of rest. She smiled. Rain would usually smile when she smiled but he felt like crying. Without saying anything he walked out and spread his wings and flew off. fall, RAIN COME BACK MOTHER NATURE IS OUT, YOU CANBE ROAMING. Rain ignored her and kept fast-flying to his house. RAIN PLEASE?? He ignored her once again, if he looked at her he would probably start crying, He kept hearing the faint calling but didnt pay attention to it. Rain looked up and saw stick genius, Rain froze and fear dropped all through his body.Rain turned most and bolted to Snow, He turned around to see of she was gonna turn around and she was comely about to when one of her peasants paged for her and she turned around relief went through his body and hurried over to Snow. Rain got to snow and they bolted inside, right as they got in Rain bear hugged Snow, Im so sorry I shouldve listened. Snow let go and smiled up at Rain, Its alright, at least you OK. Rain spent the night instead of going home just to be safe.Morning came and Rain woke up before snow so he folded his blankets and cleaned around him and waited. Snow came out about 30 minutes later, Oh good youre up She smiled and put on her Fur boots. Lets go After long confusing hours Rain and Snow made it to Rains Glass house. Oh wow, its just so clear. she looked at the house amazed, I guess so. Rain chuckled. Snow can I ask you something? Rain asked nervously. Yes, anything. she walked over to him. Well you see I was wondering if you could be my um Girlfriend? Rain didnt know if thats what there called but- Yes Snow said smiling. Really? Rain asked not believing she said yes, Snow laughed Yes. Rain smiled so big he thought his cheeks were going to fall off. Ill never be sad again. Rain thought.Two years have past and it hasnt rained sense in Washington. One day Rain and Snow were talking and laughing at stupid when there was a knock on the door, Mother Nature open up Snow looked at Rain shocked and scared, Go hide NOW. Rain hid in a closet next to the door so he could see, Snow opened the door, Hello Mother Nature what brings you here? snow asked trying to sound polite. Well Im looking for a boy named Rain have you seen him? Mother Nature asked looking around the house. Oh I have never met someone named Rain sorry. Snow put on a Fake smile and Mother Nature looked at her closely to see if she was lying. Well I guess I forget check somewhere else, valediction darling. Snow smiled and said a quick Goodbye and shut the door. Rain came out, Snow I will just go to my house until Mother Nature stops searching for me. Rain said trying not to show how sad he was. Oh, I guess Goodbye Rain. She gave him a long wring and smiled up at him and he left. Rain was shutting the door when someone screams THERES RAIN Mother Nature wiped around and looked furious. Mothers Natures little creatures things held Ra ins arms down so he wont get away. Mother Nature walked up to Rains door, Oh Snow come out dear. Snow came out looking at me terrified and nearly in tears, Yes? She said trying to act innocent.Snow you lied to me and everyone knows you dont lie to Mother Nature you know why? She didnt even give Snow to answer, Because you will get punished, bad. right-hand(a) before Mother Nature could raise her hand and zap snow and kill her, Rain bust free and pushed her off the porch. Snow ran up to Rain and hugged him, Im so sorry. Rain could only think of how he killed the one and only Mother Nature so the only thing he thought was separate was to cry, and down in Washington lied Mother Natures dead body.

Long Way Gone Study Guide Essay Example for Free

yearn Way G iodine Study Guide Es ordain1.What does shipwreck survivor say the struggle is ab egress?Ishmael says nothing about the causes of the war, or what each side was fighting for, or of the oerall political and social conditions in sierra Leone that caused the war. This was a deliberate strategy on the offset of Beah, the author. He wanted to present the war through the eyes of a child. As a son of twelve, when the war first affected him, he had no interest in politics. He had no power to be interestedhis main interest, understandably for a boy of his age, was in singing and dancing to blow music and hanging out with his friends. When the war comes to him, it is for him a battle for ain survival, not a political cause. He is also fueled by feelings of revengeinstilled into him by his army officersagainst the grows because they killed his family. Once again, these are personal feelings not political beliefs. For the reader, then, transported to a land he or she kn ows nothing about (for the American reader, that is), the war seems not only almost unimaginably brutal besides also meaningless.It consists of one side senselessly killing the other, and vice versa, in skirmishes in small villages. Ishmael does report Lieutenant Jabatis speeches to his manpower, in which he says they are defending their country (We kill them the rebels for the good and betterment of this country p. 123), but such appeals to patriotism are not what inspire Ishmael. Ishmaels ignorance of politics is again stressed when he is in Freetown during his rehabilitation and sees a convoy of cars and army vans. He is told that the recent president, Tejan Kabbah, who had won an option eight months earlier is passing by. I had never heard of this man, Ishmael writes capitulumedly. This confirms the tenor of the hold up as a whole Ishmael is a boy caught up in a war he knows nothing about for a cause he does not care about.2.Why was the war fought and what course did it form?During the 1980s sierra Leone was a one-party state governed by the All-Peoples Congress (APC) party. However, this period was marked by extensive politics corruption and abuse of power. Although Sierra Leone is rich in natural resources it became one of the poorest countries in the world because of mismanagement. The cultivated war in neighboring Liberia helped to create conditions for war in Sierra Leone because a Liberian war leader reportedly sponsored the rebel group called the Revolutionary linked preliminary (RUF) as a way of destabilizing Sierra Leone, which at the time was a base for a United Nations peacekeeping force. The war broke out in 1991 in villages in eastern Sierra Leone that were tightlipped the Liberian border. The aim of the RUF was to seize and control the diamond sector, and in 1991 it took control of the diamond mines in the Kono district. (It is the excavation area around Ishmaels home town of Mogbwemo that the rebels seize in 1993.)In 1992 a military coup took place that established the National Provisional Ruling Council, replacing the civil government. However, the new military government was powerless to prevent the RUF from controlling much of the country. It was the years immediately after this, from 1993 to January 1996, that Ishmael was a soldier. The war continued after Ishmael was rescued from it, as he himself found out when he went to stay with his uncle in Freetown after his rehabilitation. There had been an election in April 1996, and a civilian government had taken power, but in May 1997 there was another military coup, and the new military government known as the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council (AFRC) invited the RUF to participate in it.The chase year, when Beah was safely in the United States, the military government was ousted and the civilian government restored. But this did not stop the violence as the AFRC and its RUF allies fought to regain power. Fighting returned to Freetown in 1999, before a peace accord was sign(a) in July 1999. But this did not last, and the war dragged on, finally ending in January 2002, with the civilian government in charge. concord to the CIAs universe Factbook, the civil war resulted in tens of thousands of deaths and the displacement of more than two trillion peopleabout one-third of the population of Sierra Leone.3.What is the situation in Sierra Leone today?According to the CIAs World Factbook, Sierra Leone is gradually returning to a fully democratic government following the ravages of the civil war. There was a general election in 2007 that led to one civilian government being peacefully replaced by another. The nation has also tried to come to terms with the recent past. In 2002 the government set up a Special Court to try those obligated for war crimes during the civil war. It also set up a Truth and Reconciliation Commission. The Special Court indicted many of those held responsible for the atrocities. Some died before they could be tried, but in June 2007, the Special Court found three men guilty of war crimes, including not only murder, terrorism, and enslavement but also the act of conscripting or recruitment children under fifteen into the armed forces.As refugees from the war are slowly returning from neighboring countries, the Sierra Leone government is trying to create jobs and end political corruption. Revenues from diamond mining have increased importantly since the end of the war. Diamonds account for about half of Sierra Leones exports. However, Sierra Leone, with a population estimated in 2009 as 5,132,138, remains an extremely poor country with wide disparities in how wealth is distributed. According to the World Factbook, The fate of the economy depends upon the maintenance of domestic peace and the continued receipt of substantial aid from abroad. 4.How widespread is the use of child soldiers?It would be comforting to think that the forced conscription of children into the armed forces durin g the war in Sierra Leone was an aberration, not something that can happen again in the modern world. However, that is not the case. Even in the twenty-first century, the use of child soldiers is common in armed conflicts around the world. According to Human Rights watch, an internationalistic nongovernmental organization, as of 2007, there were an estimated 200,000 to 300,000 children fighting in non-homogeneous wars. According to a Global Report published in 2008 by the Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers, at the end of 2007 children were used as soldiers in seventeen armed conflicts around the globe. The coalition noted that this was down from twenty-seven conflicts in 2004, but the downturn was more because the conflicts had ended than because child soldiers were no longer being recruited.The Global Report identify the following countries where children were recruited for paramilitaries, militias, civilian defense forces or armed groups linked to or supported by gover nments Chad, Colombia, antiauthoritarian Republic of the Congo, India, Iran, Ivory Coast, Libya, Myanmar, Peru, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sudan, and Uganda. The most flagrant offender, according to the Global Report, is Myanmar, where the government uses thousands of children in its battle against rebel groups. In Uganda, tens of thousands of children have been forced into joining armies over a period of nearly twenty-five years. In some of these countries, including Uganda, girls as well as boys have been forced to become soldiers.There have in recent years been concerted international efforts to end the use of child soldiers. Sierra Leone, which has tried and convicted men responsible for recruiting child soldiers, has become a leader in this issue. The use of child soldiers has now been tabu by international law. The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict has been ratified by 120 states. The UN Security Coun cil has adopted resolutions calling for the establishment of a monitoring mechanism on children and armed conflict. However, these and other prohibitions are no guarantee that when new conflicts depart out, child soldiers will not be recruited.5.Is Beahs story f unfeignedly accurate?A Long Way Gone achieved popular and critical success, but questions have been raised by some regarding the factual accuracy of a number of events Beah recounts in the book. Beah writes that his village was attacked in January 1993 and after that he became a refugee from the war. Critics make that there are school records showing that Beah was in school later than this date, and that the village was attacked in 1995, not 1993. This would mean that Beah would actually have been recruited at the age of fifteen, not thirteen as he writes in the book. This would have meant that he was only a child soldier for a few months, rather than over two years. Some critics point to the structure of the book to conf irm this. They point out that most of the book deals with Beahs wanderings as a refugee and the months he spent in rehabilitation.Only two chapters (13 and 14) cover his actual experiences as a soldier (although he does present more incidents from his military service at various points in flashbacks). Questions have also been raised about the account Beah gives of the fight between the former boy soldiers at the rehabilitation home, in which several boys were killed. There are no independent reports of such a fight ever taking place. Some believe that Beah used others experiences as his own and that he embellished his tale.They point to his interest in creative writing at Oberlin College and the fact that his adoptive mother was a storyteller. The implication is that Beah was encouraged by those around him to tell a more vivid story. Others have more charitably suggested that Beah simply got his dates mixed up, and his memory may have been unreliable because on his own admission he was high on drugs most of the time he was in military service. Beah has vehemently denied that he invented anything, however. In an article published in Publishers Weekly in 2008, Beah wrote, Sad to say, my story is all true.

Baderman Island Family Vacations Essay Example for Free

Baderman Island Family Vacations EssayBaderman Island Family Vacations Advertising, Creative, and Media Strategies Advertising non only works but is practic al acey unmatched in its capacity to reach major listenings, build brand cognisance and own(prenominal)ity, as hygienic as stimulate curiosity and desire. But, more than ever, companies today in this very competitive environment need the right notional marrows and media choices in an effort to break through the noise in order to get noticed, and therefore, remembered.This paper get out outline Baderman Islands Family Vacations advertizing plan, further expanding on fanciful decisions and effective media strategies in an effort to augment market share. Baderman Island Family Vacations Analysis Family getaship canal are ace of the top reasons that guests stay at Baderman Island, regardless of whether the stay is a seven day excursion or a weekend family reunion.With so some(prenominal) activities to choose from such as boat rentals, water skiing, snorkeling, scuba diving, tennis, golf, five secluded beaches, Oasis Spa, and gallery touring there is since commit something for everyone in the family to enjoy, not to mention all the activities on the island are appropriate for visitors of all ages. The many unique selling points of Baderman Island Family Vacations consist of the island being self contained, all-inclusive, hosting an array of restaurants, three different hotels, and unlimited activities to entertain and straighten all guests.Currently, the marketing situation consists of a website that is an excellent tool for attracting guests and showing them all the perks of the island through pictures and web logs. The blog is a new advancement to the website, but should prove to attract positively more guests through the testimonials of front visitors. Target Audience The drive audience for Baderman Island is the typical family passers who are looking for a resort that offers a varie ty of activities without having to leave the premises. These families lead consist of parents with at least one child.The aspire family exit be the family who consists of two adults within the household with at least 2-3 children to help maximize profits. all in all races, ethnicities and cultures are welcome. The target market allow be an adult who enjoy warm weather vacations with family, spending quality cadence with each other enjoying activities and who prolong a love for the beach and fine art. The target audience go forth besides consist of consumers who fall within the lower to middle class and above demographics searching for a family destination that does not require leaving the United States (U.S. ).Not all families can afford the address of securing passports and expensive stock travel to the Caribbean. Creative Strategies A creative strategy is important to the overall achievement of an advertising campaign. Team C lead use a stead approach as its creativ e strategy. In this approach Baderman Island volition be clearly defined as the number one all inclusive destination for family travel. Brand role approach entrust also be incorporated into the strategy. This will help consumers correlate the Baderman Island brand as a top notch, high quality destination.This approach will be accomplish by using an easy to remember slogan, such as Baderman Island Family Vacations, the Finest Place to Reconnect, as well as further using the ever popular slogan, Relax, Enjoy, Indulge. Increased emphasis will be placed on marketing the concept that Baderman Island is a unique destination specializing in family activities. This will en fitted Baderman Island to distinguish themselves from other competitive resorts in the marketplace.All creative advertisement associated with the resort will be colorful and eye catching it will feature pictures that guide joyous families holiday and spending fourth dimension together, further providing a visual o f what family vacationing could be for the potential node. On receiving set spots decease bites will be used of customer testimonials of how happy they were when they vacationed on the island. TV ads will also depict families enjoying themselves on the beach, playing golf, in the resort hotel, visiting the museums and art galleries, and participating in the many sports activities offered on the island.The picture ads will also highlight the many price plans and payment options where applicable. Positioning Statement Baderman Islands positioning concept will explain that Baderman Island Family Vacations is for vacationers with families who are seeking a luxury resort experience to reenergize from their fussy lives and reconnect with family and friends, and that Baderman Island Family Resorts is one of the most luxurious destinations in the world.The island offers four star accommodations that highlight a world-class spa featuring a full range of treatments designed around the re sorts natural springs, sophisticated purpose-designed run into facilities, and an assortment of other amenities all delivered with a high level of personalized service (University of Phoenix, 2008). All of this is made available on this self-contained, all-inclusive resort island that is surrounded by the beautiful Kelsey River. Golfing, fishing, spa facilities, museum excursions and a beautiful beach are all available to vacationers of this island.Message Platform Badermans message programme is to develop Badermans brand and when potential guest see the logo, they will envision the beautiful crystallisation clear waters, which symbolizes peacefulness as well as relaxation. Presently, Baderman Island is expanding the brand on the 1,600 soil of land they own. 750 acres are operational. See map below. (University of Phoenix, 2008). In an effort to increase brand recognition Baderman Island will rely heavily on word-of-mouth marketing. The expectation will be that satisfied guest w ill forever sell the brand for the resort while Baderman Island continues to make capital improvements.Once the Baderman Islands guest vacation experience is over and they leave, the hope is that they will tell their friends about the wonderful experience during their stay. Word-of-mouth advertising is one of the most effective advertising vehicles when feedback is 100% positive. Baderman Island will strive to be the number one vacationing spot. Baderman Island will be well known for the following attributes Owning an island, which exclusively promotes their brand, and having facilities that offer excellent customer service.Baderman Island makes a point of listening to guests who have enjoyed previous stays and will continue to develop sophisticated ideas that include customer feedback on how to improve time to come stays. Media Strategies and Objectives Print media is one of the most efficient ways to reach potential customers. For example, magazines are a medium that has a number of special-interest publications segments that can reach Baderman target audience (Wisconsin Department of Tourism, 2009). As a result, print ads, billboards, and brochures will be Baderman Islands priority media vehicles of choice.Baderman Island will also use a number of advertising campaigns which will run a variation of television commercials, all emphasizing family fun. An gainal strategy that Baderman will use in order to develop a relationship with potential guests is through the use of developing creative brochures which will assist with enticing guest towards battle a vacation on Badermans Island property. After all, they are inquiring about Badermans vacationing experience, so brochures will bring Badermans Island Vacations upfront and personal to future guest.Guests will be able to look at full color ads while reading a wealth of info regarding services, pricing plans, recreation packages, spa schedules and a host of activities used to keep children occupied during t he day. The objective is to have future guest pick-up and carry brochures with them so they can view the material at their leisure and share it with family and friends. Baderman will capitalize on the idea that the brochure is portable which gives the upper hand rather then relying on guest to remember a 60 second commercial.Lastly, wireless air time will also be explored as a media option. There are seven times as many radio stations as television stations in the U. S. (Wisconsin Department of Tourism, 2009) therefore this is a medium that Baderman will seek to explore with the assistance of a limited-service agency. Strategy RationaleThe rationale behind the creative strategies and campaign message is to ensure that Baderman Island Vacations stands out over the competition.Creating the easy to remember message of Baderman Island Family Vacations, the Finest Place to Reconnect, will capture the image of Balderman Island at its fullest. In addition, using vibrant colors within ads and real people will not only be an eye catcher, but also illustrates the fun side of Balderman Island. Using photos of smiling and happy families doing fun activities together as part of advertisement features will say it all. Baderman Island will use alike stock photos in all advertisements.By placing the emphasis on family the brand image that Baderman Island will be known for will be something that both existing and potential customers will relate too. The resort will also seek to create a feeling of nostalgia where people who see the billboards, magazines, website, or hear radio advertisements will wish and want to experience what Baderman Island offers. An addition strategy will be to choose air time during busy traffic hours to advertise services. What better time to dream being somewhere else than when a person is stuck in a traffic jam.As a family resort, Baderman Island believes in getting and giving the best. As customers, Baderman personnel staff expects the best on bo th products and services from impartrs, and it is only right that the resort gives the said(prenominal) respect, treatment and consideration to their customers. Baderman Island stands on the priority objective of treating customers just like family. Supportive ResourcesAlthough many companies have opted towards using outside advertising agencies exclusively for assistance with creative ideas, Balderman Island prefers to do it themselves.Baderman Islands in-house creative teams provide a range of services depending on the resorts needs and are familiar with the resorts rich history and many products and services. The in-house team is also better equipped to handle adhoc problems regarding advertisements within a timely manner. Keeping creative development in-house will provide the resort more control with lower risks of having proprietary confidential information leaking into the wrong hands, also keeping in mind that external agencies have other clients to assist.In addition to ri sk management, in-house creative resources for creative support make it easier to coordinate and have a more personal touch with the service versus an outside agency. In addition to in-house support Baderman Island will seek advice from limited-services agencies which specializes in one aspect of creative process usually providing creative production work or the purchase of media office (Wisconsin Department of Tourism, 2008).A limited-services agency will be used in order to coordinate radio air time and in some instances magazine space. ConclusionAs stated earlier, Baderman Island Family Vacations is striving to continue to compete in a very competitive environment. With the consistent advertising message, Baderman Island Family Vacations, the Finest Place to Reconnect, Baderman will further expand on that message by building upon a media strategy that emphasis family, fun, relationships, and value.Therefore, a media strategy that focuses on awareness advertising, where the attem pts to build Baderman Islands image and familiarity with the resort brand and excellent services will be their slate towards marketing success. Baderman Island is confident that by using multi-media vehicles of print ads, billboards, brochures, television commercials, and radio spots their target audience will be effectively reached. Six months post campaign launch, Baderman will evaluate their advertising lastingness through monitoring and post-evaluation tools and re-evaluate their marketing plan accordingly based on results.

Costa Coffee Essay Example for Free

rib Coffee EssayThe remote environment comprises factors that originate beyond and usually irrespective and out of costa Coffees control. Economic factors Since costa Coffee is a multinational business, top-level managers essential consider the sparing situations on both the National (Egypt) and International levels. Currencies exchange rate (Forex) affects costa Coffees final products prices as sanitary as operation costs. Costa Coffee imports high quality drinking chocolate beans from rainforest farms where it collapses for in topical anesthetic currency, and sells as coffee in another country with its local country. Hence, when the Egyptian Pound depreciates, the cost of beans relatively increases therefore, causing a fall in profit margin and vice versa. If depreciation is too much, hence Costa might increase its selling prices. Moreover, interest rate is vital for a business considering refinement as Costa Coffee. As interest rates increase, Costa Coffees ability and willingness to hyperbolize or open new branches decreases due to the high cost of capital. Furthermore, the stock market plays a portentous role in encouraging investors to invest in Costa Coffee due to the increasing wage and the dear reputation.Finally, high economic growth rate of a country leads people to increase their using up of Costa Coffees products since they have more income. Social Factors Egyptians culture and lifestyle has dramatically changed in the last 10 years. People atomic number 18 more willing to go to cafes for lunch, dinner or simply a snack. Considering the Egyptian demographics of lifestyle and age groups, most of the Egyptian population falls in the youth age group. Hence, Costa Coffee plays music and offers an atmosphere that is convenient for all ages with special attention to youth.Costa Coffee prise the religion of each nation in which it operates. To clarify, Costa Coffee neither sells alcoholic drinks nor pork-containing food. In addition , Costa Coffees menu is written in both English and Arabic languages. English is the most widely mouth language, and Egypt is known as a touristic attraction. Plus, Egyptians like to come across a menu written in their own language for simplicity and showing cultural respect. Also, many people nowadays are bear on with their health Costa Coffee is providing low-calorie food, a variety of fresh salads, sandwiches, and fresh fruit juice.Political Factors governmental rules and regulations could affect the firms suppliers and the price of the cutting materials. Imposed taxes or tariffs on the imported coffee beans add to raw materials cost. Rules regarding social insurance add to labor costs. Political instability and strikes do affect labor and consumers of Costa Coffee. Technological Factors Advanced machines affect the firms performance and efficiency through producing tasty coffee as diligent as possible. High quality and speed of service affects customer satisfaction and loyal ty.Costa Coffee uses super advanced brewers and coffee makers for the best coffee cup. Besides, the use of the Internet to facilitate transactions between Costa and its suppliers lowers transaction costs and decreases lead time. As a result, stakeholders are more satisfied with increased benefit and lower costs. Ecological Factors Costa Coffee uses recyclable paper bags and paper cups. And, it tries to reduce its energy function as steps towards a greener environment. It also ensures adherence to responsible farming practices, so that natural habitats are protected thereby reducing deforestation and carbon emissions.Furthermore, Costa is working to deliver green (LEED) corroboration for new stores beginning later this year and is working closely with its suppliers to develop more environmentally warm packaging. Industry Environment Operating Environment A firms operating environment is think to environmental factors that directly affect the firm and its success in obtaining ne cessary resources. Yet, they are still factors beyond its area of control. 1. Competitors Costa coffee in Egypt faces high direct competition where around almost either corner in the cities, a coffee shop exists.Therefore, product differentiation is a must, and persistent high-quality is the vogue to keeping customers. Whichever Costa Coffee shop you enter, you are greeted the same, indulge in the same taste and pay what you see in the menu. Menu prices are tax inclusive which is different than most of other coffee shops. Competitors include, but are not limited to, Starbucks Coffee, Cilantro and Beanos cafe. Creditors Costas gone payment records and working capital position are the main attributes affecting creditors decisions. Considering the Egyptian markets, banks are not rare to find.Costa might be dealing with several(prenominal) banks, and may be granted loans from several areas. Hence, creditors have little leverage since interest rates are controlled by central bank of E gypt as well. Customers Costa coffee is a service firm. Therefore, its utmost goal is customer satisfaction and loyalty to founder profits. Constantly monitoring Egypts demographics is essential in keeping a convenient atmosphere. For instance, Costa must always recognise what the youth are listening to these days to be able to play the optimum collection of songs in its branches while abiding by the brands image.Accessibility of location and park spaces are of the main issues regarded by people when deciding on their hang-outs. And, the customer buyer behaviour of whether they elect more salads and sandwiches rather than desserts affects how much of each should be available at Costas branches. dig out Costas reputation and image is kept through its workers. Costa has to respect labor rights peculiarly now that people are more aware of the rights than ever before. Also, Costa has to be selective in its waiters and baristas to keep the brands image and reputation.As a result of C ostas reputation, highly-qualified workers restrain for jobs at Costa Coffee. Suppliers Supplier relationships are as important as customer relationships. A good supplier relationships decreases yield time and enhances firms productivity. In Costas case, supplier berth is not high as Costa has multiple suppliers, with low switching costs. However, supplier relationships are well-attended to at Costa Coffee as part of its social responsibility towards coffee-growing countries.

The Law Enforcement In England And Wales Criminology Essay

The Law En stuffment In England And Wales Criminology Essay natural jurisprudence officers ar perceived as the gatekeepers of the criminal justice system (Mendias Kehoe, 200670). They atomic number 18 in charge in ensuring safety and security of the man, encumbering curses, and apprehending offenders.Law usement in the England and Wales traces its roots back to the consanguineous policing establish in the 1800s to house protection in the communities. This form of policing flourished until increasing threats brought by terrorism compelled the government to action changes in the jurisprudence force in the 1960s. The decades following this transformation gave expression to various concepts aimed at enhancing the t i of jurisprudence service. Today, England and Wales follow a constabulary enforcement style of policing in each of their de modify forces.This paper aims to allow a critical appraisal of the policing style in the England and Wales. The next section of the p aper presents the evolution of the law of nature force. This is followed by a discussion of the different features of the England fair play enforcement. Critical appraisal is presented in the discussion section. Lastly, a conclusion is presented.Law enforcement in England and WalesAccording to Alpert and Dunham (2009), policing in England started as a private force for the elect members of society. Those who goat non afford to hire their own guards deposit on a sh ard and informal form of policing called the kin policing. populate be expected to ensure their own safety, serve as guardians of their own residential atomic number 18a, and bring forrader criminal acts to the court of law. According to Beckley (2007 938), this form of policing was employed until the 1960s when terrorism threats prompted the development of more arrogate policing st esteemgies. The Police Act of 1964 provided for the establishment of more scientific and organized law enforcement to abut the ch anging postulate of the public. Police victorism standards such as the Metropolitan Police Principles and the Association of Chief Police Officers Statement of communal Purpose and Values of 1985 were established. Various innovative changes in the practice of law force followed these developments and continued to this day. disrespect these changes, policing in England and Wales still exhibit some characteristics of its older form as testifyd by the lack of change legal philosophy system. Today, law enforcement in England and Wales consist of 43 individual county police force forces. Having this system implies diversity in policing strategies amidst the different counties (Hawdon, 2008 191). Moore (1992 107) on the different hand observed that despite all this, professional law enforcement remained the main basis of any policing strategy.Features of law enforcement in UK and WalesDas and Verma (2003 190) contend that police organizations are mold by culture, political prior ities, and immediate take of the situations surrounding them. Law enforcement in England and Wales has distinct features that separate it from other police forces in the world.ProfessionalismDas Verma (2003 204) noted that law enforcers in Europe are noted for their professionalism. They are among the best in terms of training and education. Despite this advantage, Moore (1992 110) argued that professionalism in police force is an ambivalent concept. He believes that police professionalism should not only focus on criminal laws but in like manner those laws that protect citizens from whimsical action by government agencies- including the police. Thus, the police officers emphasis on the curse control rather than the law contradicts the essence of their professional duty.Multi-functioningMcGarrell, Freilich, and Chermak (2007 143-4) contend that law enforcement has changed more than any other agency in the public bureaucracy since the 1960s. The authors added that the developmen ts in Englands police force were not only brought by threats of terrorism but similarly by the social and political changes in the past two decades. Police force had to adjust to meet the changing needs of the public. Police officers are not only expected to enforce laws but also to ensure public safety and security, investigate crimes, do job-related familiarity service, control traffic, and respond to publics call for attention (Das Verma, 2003 224).The multitude of tasks expected from the police makes it hard to measure police performance and so result to ambivalent perceptions about the force. Alpert and Dunham (2009) assert that plurality go through conflicting views of the police. They are brave crime fighters and heroes on one hand and corrupt, heartless, and brutal on the other. Public perceptions about the police are often based on selective positive and negative experiences and not on their collective performance.Beckley (2007 939) also noted the lack of centralized police organization like the National Guard or Compagnie Republicaine de Securite in the linked States and France in the UK. This function is decentralised to the various police forces. UK police officers are in charge of community policing tasks as well as specialist police duties. They look at to perform tasks from traffic supervision and community patrol to criminal investigation.Technologically advancedAccording to Swanson, Territo and Taylor (1993), police officers not only need humanity and conceptual skills but also technical skills. They have to be able to use computers analyse evidence apply management principles and perform planning, accounting and budgeting functions. The use of radios, mobile phones and vehicles in patrolling enables police to respond to calls for servicing quickly. Computers made reporting and record keeping more strong and efficient. The advancements in forensic science brought investigations to a different level. However, critics say that the us e of patrol cars instead of foot patrolling limits interaction between the community and police, thus contributing to the degradation of police and community relations.PowerWeisburd and Braga (200613) stressed the polices capability to perform their tasks without public intrusion. Despite the fact that they are established by the government and responsible to the public, they remain independent (Moore, 1992109). Alpert and Dunham (2009) contended that police officers are provided with enormous discretionary power which may not be beneficial to the public. Das and Verma (2003224) argued that the fact that the UN popular Assembly formulated the computer code of Conduct for Police Officials in 1979 attests to the authority of the police and the need to prevent guy and misuse of this power.Reactive policingMoore (1992 112) also recognised the reactive characteristic of policing. Police officers tend to rely on patrols and calls from the public to solve crimes. The advantage of this strategy is that it prevents the police from interfering in private lives of the mass without their consent. This ensures that the participation of the police in the situation is necessary, official and acceptable to the community. However, this strategy is problematic because it implies that a crime has to be committed before action can be taken. While this is an effective law enforcement strategy, it is not a good crime control method. Moore also observed that it cannot be utilised in crimes where in that location are no victims or witnesses or where victims refuse to come forward.Discussion and appraisal of the law enforcement policing found on the discussion provided above, it is apparent that the law enforcement style of policing in England and Wales has advantages and disadvantages. Although police officers in the England are cognize for their professionalism, their tendency to focus on crime prevention rather than law enforcement reflects misguided understanding of their professional duty. As a result, police legitimacy and effectiveness remains problematic. According to Moore (1992 111), there is no reading that policing has delivered in their diverse functions. He noted that there are no positive correlations between patrolling and crime prevention police crime investigations are not always fruitful response systems do not guarantee arrests and criminal punishments do not always result to rehabilitation. This shows that implementation of policies like the UN General Assemblys Code of Conduct for Police Officials and the UNDP Police Act (UNDP Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2003) are necessary to ensure police accountability improve efficiency and effectivity and prevent police misuse and abuse of power.The multitude of police functions makes performance evaluation difficult and inconsistent. Beckley (2007 939) noted the absence of specialised duty delegation in the UK police. Police officers are expected to be able to perform duties fro m the community patrolling to crime investigation. While this is advantageous in the overall growth of police officers, it prevents the development of specialised and quality skills that can only be learnt from constant exposure to a specific task. The multiple functions required of the police force prevent them from specializing and optimizing their potential in a given function. They are spread too thin to be efficient and effective.Technological advancements on the other hand have undoubtedly promoted the efficiency and responsiveness of the police force. They are able to provide timely response to citizen calls. However, too much reliance on technology discourages the police to depend on their own resources and hone their skills. By using vehicles instead of foot patrolling, the police loses the opportunity to mingle and join with the people. Some police officers obtain information from the internet and database records instead of going to the field. Investigation and prosecut ion transactions are relying more and more on forensic science to provide evidence. This dishonors if not eliminates the need for people participation in the process. Employment of technology reduces interaction and prevents the creation of a better and more joint relationship between police and the people. As a result, the gap between police and community expands. People are not comfortable dealing with the police and may hesitate to call for assistance or help them in their investigations.Hillyard and Tomlinson (2000 400) believe that police officers have political, legal and financial accountabilities. However, closer inspection of the police force reveals that police officers are only accountable to their professional mandates and not to anyone else (Moore, 1992 116). Despite the introduction of the value for money service in law enforcement under the Thatcher government (Long, 2004), the police force still have the discretion to decide which public concerns are important an d which are not part of the police work. They can refuse assistance if they deem the work to be irrelevant to police functions. This promotes public distrust to the police. Although there is increasing recognition of the need to enforce police accountability, the question about how and to whom they should be made accountable remains.The authority and autonomy given to the police force on the other hand creates dangers on the way police works. While the idea of a law enforcement emancipated from the government is alluring, the unrestrained power it afforded the police can be daunting. The police functions as an objective agency that protects the people from criminals and from the government abuses however, there are beliefs that the people are also susceptible to dangers from the police force itself. Organisations like the UNDP recognize the authority of the police force and how this could result to abuse and misuse of power. There is a need to draw the line between accountability an d authority between policing and coercion and between public safety and citizen liberty. Furthermore, Moore (1992 117) also argued that the lack of political regulation and public control in policing also results to their stagnation. They remain oblivious of the government and citizens views, thus they are limited by their own perceptions and mandates and fail to make appropriate improvements in their services.The UK police force is immediately perceived as an industry rather than an agency. They have become productivity-oriented (high clearance rate, high arrest rate and high productivity) rather than community-oriented. As mentioned earlier, the lack of centralised police agency in the UK gives the police force more authority and responsibility. Their involvement is not only limited to the community but to the entire nation. They have more authority than their counterparts from other countries. They have too much power and too little regulation, thus, the risk of exposure of po lice domination.Reactive policing requires the police to take action after a crime is committed. This ensures that the police are not unlawfully intruding into the lives of the citizens. However, this promotes retrospective instead of preventive action. It relies on victims and witnesses in order to enforce the suitable police action. Also, reactive policing does not ensure the apprehension of the offenders. Thus, this strategy does not help reduce crime.Another issue is the deterioration of relationship between police and the public. Negative issues like police discrimination, aggression, abuse and corruption had resulted to the publics mistrust of law enforcers. This prevents the public from cooperating with police officers in community patrols and crime investigations. They do not believe that helping the police will lead to safer and more secure community. The flow of information to the police is not as strong as it used to be. According to Moore (1992117), some people choose to period quiet than cooperate with the police to avoid retaliation from the violators. This implies not only the peoples lack of trust on the integrity of the police force but also on their capability to protect them.ConclusionThe law enforcement style of policing in the UK and Wales is both favourable and detrimental to the performance and effectivity of policing and the publics perception of the police force. It promotes professionalism of the police force. The various features of policing in England and Wales reflect the governments attempt to improve the police force and meet the changing needs of the public. The integration of various strategies such as reactive policing addresses the concern of involvement and interference. Technological advancements are unified for more efficient, effective, responsive, and up-to-date system. However, the multitude of functions makes performance evaluation problematic. Despite these imperfections, law enforcement style of policing in the UK and Wales is effective as it provides a common backdrop to the various police agencies in the said places.